Institute of Zoology, Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Ambio. 2011 Feb;40(1):60-7. doi: 10.1007/s13280-010-0108-2.
As human populations expand and nonhuman animals decline, understanding the interactions between people and wildlife is essential. For endangered species, appreciating the effect of human disturbance can be important for their conservation. However, a human disturbance angle is often absent from ecological research, despite growing evidence of the negative impact of nonfatal human interference. Here, we monitored Hainan Eld's deer living within a reserve and translocated animals living amongst villagers. We show that translocated deer deviated from a crepuscular activity pattern and became increas-. ingly nocturnal, and most active when villagers were not. It appears that translocated deer adapted over time to human disturbance and this pattern is similar to that of other species during periods of hunting. People do not pose an actual threat to Eld's deer, but their presence triggered a response akin to predator avoidance and may be interfering with broader aspects of their biology and conservation.
随着人口的增长和非人类动物的减少，了解人类与野生动物之间的相互作用至关重要。对于濒危物种来说，了解人类干扰的影响对于它们的保护非常重要。然而，尽管越来越多的证据表明非致命性的人为干扰会产生负面影响，但在生态研究中，往往没有考虑到人类干扰的角度。在这里，我们监测了生活在保护区内的海南坡鹿和生活在村民中的迁移动物。我们发现，迁移的鹿偏离了黄昏活动模式，变得越来越夜行，而且在村民不在的时候最活跃。看来，迁移的鹿随着时间的推移适应了人类的干扰，这种模式类似于其他物种在狩猎时期的模式。人类对坡鹿并不构成实际威胁，但它们的存在引发了类似于对捕食者的回避反应，可能会干扰到它们生物学和保护的更广泛方面。
