Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Tissue Eng Part B Rev. 2011 Aug;17(4):213-27. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEB.2010.0572. Epub 2011 Apr 20.
There has been much research over the past two decades with the aim of engineering cartilage constructs for repairing or restoring damaged cartilage. To engineer healthy neocartilage, the constructs must have mechanical properties matching those of native cartilage as well as appropriate for the loading conditions of the joint. This article discusses the mechanical behavior of native cartilage and surveys different types of tensile, compressive, and shear tests with their limitations. It also comprehensively reviews recent work and achievements in developing the mathematical models representing the mechanical properties of both native and engineered cartilage. Different methods for enhancing the mechanical properties of engineered cartilage are also discussed, including scaffold design, mechanical stimulation, and chemical stimulation. This article concludes with recommendations for future research aimed at achieving engineered cartilage with mechanical properties matching those found in native cartilage.
在过去的二十年中，人们进行了大量的研究，旨在设计用于修复或重建受损软骨的软骨构建体。为了构建健康的新生软骨，构建体必须具有与天然软骨相匹配的机械性能，并且适合关节的加载条件。本文讨论了天然软骨的力学行为，并调查了不同类型的拉伸、压缩和剪切试验及其局限性。它还全面回顾了开发代表天然和工程软骨机械性能的数学模型的最新工作和成果。还讨论了增强工程软骨机械性能的不同方法，包括支架设计、机械刺激和化学刺激。本文最后提出了未来研究的建议，旨在实现具有与天然软骨相匹配的机械性能的工程软骨。
