Division of Surgery, Oncology, Reproductive Biology and Anaesthetics, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, South Kensington SW72AZ, UK.
Future Med Chem. 2009 Jul;1(4):737-47. doi: 10.4155/fmc.09.54.
Diabetes is characterized by hyperglycemia due to dysfunction of insulin secretion or action. The two most common forms are Type 1 diabetes, in which pancreatic β-cells are destroyed, and Type 2 diabetes, in which a combination of disordered insulin action and secretion results in abnormal carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. Metabonomics employs analytical technologies to measure 'global' metabolic responses to a disease state. With the aid of statistical pattern recognition, this can reveal novel insights into the biochemical consequences of diabetes. The metabonomic method can be divided into four stages: sample collection; preparation; data acquisition and processing; and statistical analyses. In this review, we describe the most recent developments at each experimental stage in detail, and comment on specific precautions or improvements that should be taken into account when studying diabetes. Finally, we end with speculations as to where and how the field will develop in the future. Metabonomics provides a logical framework for understanding the global metabolic effects of diabetes. Continuing technological improvements will expand our knowledge of the causes and progression of this disease, and enhance treatment options for individuals.
糖尿病的特征是由于胰岛素分泌或作用功能障碍导致的高血糖。两种最常见的类型是 1 型糖尿病，其中胰岛β细胞被破坏，2 型糖尿病则是由于胰岛素作用和分泌的紊乱导致碳水化合物、脂质和蛋白质代谢异常。代谢组学采用分析技术来测量疾病状态下的“整体”代谢反应。借助统计模式识别，这可以揭示糖尿病的生化后果的新见解。代谢组学方法可以分为四个阶段：样品采集；准备；数据采集和处理；以及统计分析。在这篇综述中，我们详细描述了每个实验阶段的最新进展，并评论了在研究糖尿病时应考虑的具体注意事项或改进措施。最后，我们推测该领域未来将如何发展以及发展方向。代谢组学为理解糖尿病的全局代谢效应提供了一个逻辑框架。不断的技术进步将扩大我们对这种疾病的原因和进展的了解，并为个体提供更多的治疗选择。
