Corti B, Ibrahim J
National Centre for Research into the Prevention of Drug Abuse, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, WA.
Med J Aust. 1990 Jun 18;152(12):625-32. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1990.tb125417.x.
Analysis of significant trends in self-reported alcohol consumption by women is presented, using data from surveys carried out by the Australian Bureau of Statistics in three Australian States: Western Australia, South Australia and New South Wales. Three indices of alcohol consumption were used to characterize consumption in 1977 and subsequently in 1983 or 1985. Little change was observed in the proportion of women who consumed alcohol in the previous week, although significant increases were recorded in the average daily consumption of female drinkers in all three States. These overall increases reflect increased levels of consumption by younger women. Women aged 18-24 years in all three States, as well as those aged 25-44 years in South Australia, consumed more alcohol in the later survey than did women of the same ages in 1977. The proportion of younger female drinkers whose average daily consumption reached hazardous levels showed marked increases in all three States. Analysis of beverage choices in Western Australia and South Australia indicated that older women in both States were consuming significantly less beer, and that South Australian women aged 25-64 years were consuming less fortified wine than were women of the same ages in 1977. These decreases were overshadowed by significant increases in wine consumption in both States for all age groups, and by increasing spirits' consumption in the 18-24 year olds. Several sources of underestimation of consumption are cited. Observed trends are discussed in the light of changing social values, alcohol marketing strategies and the employment status of women. Likely short- and long-term consequences of the observed consumption patterns are predicted and the challenge to prevention strategies is highlighted.
本文利用澳大利亚统计局在西澳大利亚州、南澳大利亚州和新南威尔士州这三个澳大利亚州开展的调查数据，对女性自我报告的饮酒情况的显著趋势进行了分析。使用了三个酒精消费指数来描述1977年以及随后1983年或1985年的饮酒情况。尽管在所有三个州中，女性饮酒者的平均日饮酒量都有显著增加，但在前一周饮酒的女性比例几乎没有变化。这些总体增长反映了年轻女性饮酒量的增加。在所有三个州中，18 - 24岁的女性，以及南澳大利亚州25 - 44岁的女性，在后来的调查中饮酒量都比1977年同年龄段的女性更多。在所有三个州中，平均日饮酒量达到危险水平的年轻女性饮酒者比例都有显著增加。对西澳大利亚州和南澳大利亚州饮料选择的分析表明，这两个州的老年女性啤酒消费量显著减少，并且南澳大利亚州25 - 64岁的女性强化葡萄酒消费量比1977年同年龄段的女性更少。在这两个州，所有年龄组葡萄酒消费量的显著增加以及18 - 24岁人群烈酒消费量的增加掩盖了这些减少。文中列举了几个消费量被低估的原因。根据不断变化的社会价值观、酒精营销策略和女性就业状况对观察到的趋势进行了讨论。预测了观察到的饮酒模式可能产生的短期和长期后果，并强调了对预防策略的挑战。
