Beijing Geriatric Clinical and Research Center, Beijing, China.
Environ Health Prev Med. 2002 Nov;7(5):211-6. doi: 10.1007/BF02898007.
The goal of the present study was to describe the changes in activities of daily living (ADL) of community-dwelling Beijing elderly people (n=3,257), observed for 8 years, and to identify the demographic characteristic that predict the functional change.
Two sets of interview data (1992 and 2000) were used to evaluate changes among the elderly in reports of limitation in ADL management.
The prevalence of disability increased over 8 years both in IADL and BADL disability. The patterns of ADLs change were bi-directional. A large proportion (74.7%) of the elderly were found to remain active in their functional states, 20.4% of the elderly declined, 3.4% of the elderly remained disabled, and 1.5% showed improvement in functional states. The transition rates from non-disability and disability states to various functional states showed different characteristic, a high disability rate accompanied a high mortality rate. The demographic factors that affected the level of disability among different kinds of population manifested similar trends.
Age was the most significant predictor for functional limitations. In addition, demographic variables played an important role in estimating functional outcomes. It is recommended that the demarcation factor for the evaluation of ADLs should be 75 years of age.
本研究的目的是描述 8 年来北京市社区老年人日常生活活动（ADL）的变化，并确定预测功能变化的人口特征。
使用两组访谈数据（1992 年和 2000 年）评估老年人在 ADL 管理方面报告的限制变化。
在 IADL 和 BADL 残疾方面，残疾的患病率在 8 年内都有所增加。ADL 的变化模式是双向的。很大一部分（74.7%）老年人在功能状态上保持活跃，20.4%的老年人功能下降，3.4%的老年人仍然残疾，1.5%的老年人功能状态改善。从非残疾和残疾状态向各种功能状态的转换率表现出不同的特征，高残疾率伴随着高死亡率。影响不同人群残疾程度的人口因素表现出相似的趋势。
年龄是功能受限的最显著预测因素。此外，人口统计学变量在估计功能结果方面起着重要作用。建议将 ADL 评估的划分因素设定为 75 岁。
