Philipsen Alexandra, Feige Bernd, Hesslinger Bernd, Scheel Corinna, Ebert Dieter, Matthies Swantje, Limberger Matthias F, Kleindienst Nikolaus, Bohus Martin, Lieb Klaus
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg Medical School, Germany.
Atten Defic Hyperact Disord. 2009 May;1(1):11-8. doi: 10.1007/s12402-009-0001-7. Epub 2009 Feb 17.
Adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) share several clinical features, e.g. emotional lability and impulsivity. This study aimed to delineate differences and similarities between ADHD and BPD with respect to borderline typical symptomatology and gender specifics. Borderline symptomatology was assessed in 60 adult patients with ADHD with the borderline symptom list (BSL) and compared to both 60 gender- and age-matched BPD patients and control subjects. The BSL is a standardized instrument including 95 items on 7 subscales (self-perception, affect regulation, self-destruction, dysphoria, loneliness, intrusions and hostility). Adult ADHD patients showed significantly higher BSL total scores and all of the seven subscales compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001) but lower scores than BPD patients (p < 0.001). With respect to the seven subscales, the largest differences between ADHD and BPD patients were found with respect to self-destruction (d = 1.12) and affect dysregulation (d = 0.90), whereas the smallest difference was found with respect to loneliness (d = 0.36). In females, the BSL subscales "loneliness" and "hostility" did not differentiate between BPD and ADHD. Borderline typical symptoms are common in adult patients with ADHD but seem to be less pronounced than in patients with BPD. Females with ADHD and BPD share more clinical features than males. However, symptoms of self-destruction and affect dysregulation appear to be more severe in BPD patients.
成人注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）与边缘型人格障碍（BPD）具有若干临床特征，例如情绪不稳定和冲动性。本研究旨在明确ADHD与BPD在边缘型典型症状学及性别特异性方面的异同。采用边缘症状清单（BSL）对60例成年ADHD患者的边缘症状进行评估，并与60例年龄和性别匹配的BPD患者及对照组进行比较。BSL是一种标准化工具，包括95个项目，分为7个分量表（自我认知、情绪调节、自我毁灭、烦躁不安、孤独感、侵扰和敌意）。与健康对照组相比，成年ADHD患者的BSL总分及所有7个分量表得分均显著更高（p < 0.001），但低于BPD患者（p < 0.001）。在7个分量表方面，ADHD与BPD患者之间最大的差异体现在自我毁灭（d = 1.12）和情绪调节障碍（d = 0.90）方面，而最小的差异体现在孤独感方面（d = 0.36）。在女性中，BSL分量表“孤独感”和“敌意”在BPD和ADHD之间并无差异。边缘型典型症状在成年ADHD患者中较为常见，但似乎不如BPD患者明显。患有ADHD和BPD的女性比男性具有更多的共同临床特征。然而，自我毁灭和情绪调节障碍症状在BPD患者中似乎更为严重。
