GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rue de l'Institut 89, 1330 Rixensart, Belgium.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2011 Mar;10(3):307-22. doi: 10.1586/erv.11.8.
Hyporesponsiveness (immune tolerance) follows vaccination with meningococcal polysaccharide and many pneumococcal polysaccharide serotypes. Hyporesponsiveness after Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide vaccination has not been directly observed, but may follow exposure during disease in some individuals. Use of currently licensed conjugate vaccines has not been associated with hyporesponsiveness to date, with the possible exception of pneumococcal serotype 3. Introduction of polysaccharide vaccines anywhere into a conjugate vaccination schedule may result in reduced immune responses on subsequent exposure. This review of vaccine-induced hyporesponsiveness and its potential clinical implications considers recent evidence suggesting that hyporesponsiveness may occur for specific components of combined conjugate vaccines, such as pneumococcal serotype 3. These data have implications for the development of new multivalent vaccines.
对脑膜炎球菌多糖和许多肺炎球菌多糖血清型进行疫苗接种后会出现低反应性（免疫耐受）。尚未直接观察到流感嗜血杆菌 b 型多糖疫苗接种后的低反应性，但在某些个体中，疾病期间的接触可能会导致这种情况。到目前为止，使用目前许可的结合疫苗与对疫苗的低反应性无关，但肺炎球菌血清型 3 可能除外。在任何地方将多糖疫苗纳入结合疫苗接种计划中，随后接触时可能会导致免疫反应降低。本综述探讨了疫苗引起的低反应性及其潜在的临床意义，考虑了最近的证据表明，对于联合结合疫苗的特定成分（如肺炎球菌血清型 3）可能会出现低反应性。这些数据对新的多价疫苗的开发具有重要意义。
