Ouédraogo S M, Toloba Y, Ouédraogo G, Badoum G, Boncoungou K, Bambara M, Ouédraogo E W M, Zigani A, Sangaré L, Ouédraogo M, Kam L
Service de medecine interne CHU Sanou Souro, Mali.
Mali Med. 2010;25(3):19-22.
Infections of low respiratory tracks represent a public health issue and are a frequent reason for antibiotic prescription . For children in Africa, they are the main morbidity factor (50% of visits) and mortality (about 20% of infant mortality). Actually, the antibiotherapy, mainly probabilistic, rests on the awareness of the epidemiology of the germs which are responsible in a given region, at a given period. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Epidemio-clinical aspects of bacterial acute infant Pneumopathies at Yalgado Ouédraogo Univercity Health Center.
This a descriptive retrospective study, base on the files of hospitalized patients in the Paediatric Unit of CHU YO from January 1, 2005 through December 31, 2006.
All in all, 5803 patients with 658 cases of acute bacterial pneumopathy (11.3%) were hospitalized in the paediatric unit. Besides, acute bacterial Pneumopathies, 254 patients had another associated affection. Proteino-calorific malnutrition were frequent (59.7%), coupled with anaemia (36%). The reported most frequent germs are respectively: Streptococcus pneumoniae (29.3%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (29.3%) et Staphylococcus aureus (25%). The streptococcus was sensitive to association amoxicilline + clavulanic in 66.7% of the cases, to ceftriaxone in 57.1 % of cases. It was 100% resistant to ampicilline and to amoxicilline. The clinical evolution of our patients was favorable in 90% of the cases with 5.5% deaths.
Pneumopathies affect mostly children who are less than 2 years old favored by malnutrition and anaemia. The high morbid-morbidity related to this pathology could be improved through a better awareness and regular updating of local bacterial ecology.
下呼吸道感染是一个公共卫生问题，也是抗生素处方的常见原因。对于非洲儿童来说，它们是主要的发病因素（占就诊次数的50%）和死亡原因（约占婴儿死亡率的20%）。实际上，抗菌治疗主要是经验性的，取决于对特定地区、特定时期致病细菌流行病学的了解。本研究的目的是评估亚尔加杜·韦德拉奥果大学健康中心婴儿急性细菌性肺炎的流行病学临床特征。
这是一项描述性回顾性研究，基于2005年1月1日至2006年12月31日在CHU YO儿科住院患者的病历。
儿科病房共收治5803例患者，其中658例急性细菌性肺炎（11.3%）。此外，除急性细菌性肺炎外，254例患者还有其他合并症。蛋白质 - 热量营养不良很常见（59.7%），同时伴有贫血（36%）。报告的最常见细菌分别是：肺炎链球菌（29.3%）、肺炎克雷伯菌（29.3%）和金黄色葡萄球菌（25%）。肺炎链球菌对阿莫西林 + 克拉维酸联合用药的敏感率为66.7%，对头孢曲松的敏感率为57.1%。它对氨苄西林和阿莫西林的耐药率为100%。90%的患者临床病情好转，死亡率为5.5%。
肺炎主要影响2岁以下受营养不良和贫血影响的儿童。通过更好地了解和定期更新当地细菌生态学，可以改善与这种疾病相关的高发病率。
