Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4235, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2011 Apr;100(4):567-86. doi: 10.1037/a0022802.
In this longitudinal study, we followed a large sample of first-time parents (both partners) across the first 2 years of the transition to parenthood. Guided by attachment theory (Bowlby, 1969), we tested several predictions about how attachment anxiety and avoidance are related to the incidence, maintenance, increase, and decline of depressive symptoms in both sexes across the first 2 years of the transition. We found that (a) the association between attachment anxiety and depressive symptoms was moderated by factors related to the marital and/or romantic relationship; (b) the association between avoidance and depressive symptoms was moderated by factors related to family responsibilities; (c) styles of caregiving provided by romantic partners affected depressive symptoms differently among anxious and avoidant persons; and (d) in certain predictable situations, depressive symptoms persisted at higher levels or increased to higher levels in anxious or avoidant persons across the 2-year transition period. Important implications of these results are discussed.
在这项纵向研究中，我们对大量首次成为父母的（双方）进行了追踪，横跨向为人父母转变的头 2 年。在依恋理论（Bowlby，1969）的指导下，我们检验了关于依恋焦虑和回避与两性在向为人父母转变的头 2 年中抑郁症状的发生、维持、增加和下降的几个预测。我们发现：(a) 依恋焦虑与抑郁症状之间的关联受到与婚姻和/或恋爱关系有关的因素的调节；(b) 回避与抑郁症状之间的关联受到与家庭责任有关的因素的调节；(c) 浪漫伴侣提供的照顾方式对焦虑和回避者的抑郁症状产生不同的影响；(d) 在某些可预测的情况下，焦虑或回避者的抑郁症状在 2 年的转变期间会持续处于较高水平或增加到更高水平。讨论了这些结果的重要意义。
