Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2011 Apr;25(2):241-59, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2011.02.001.
Anemia in pregnancy is a global health problem affecting nearly half of all pregnant women worldwide. High fetal demands for iron render iron deficiency the most common cause of anemia of pregnancy, with other micronutrient deficiencies contributing less frequently. In certain geographical populations, human pathogens such as hookworm, malarial parasite and human immunodeficiency virus are important factors in anemia of pregnancy. The hemoglobinopathies, sickle cell disease and thalassemia, represent diverse causes of anemia of pregnancy, requiring specialized care. Aplastic anemia is a rare, morbid cause of anemia of pregnancy and is managed with transfusions until the completion of pregnancy.
妊娠贫血是一个全球性的健康问题，影响着全球近一半的孕妇。胎儿对铁的高需求使缺铁成为妊娠贫血最常见的原因，其他微量营养素缺乏则较少见。在某些地理人群中，钩虫、疟原虫和人类免疫缺陷病毒等人类病原体是妊娠贫血的重要因素。血红蛋白病，如镰状细胞病和地中海贫血，代表了妊娠贫血的多种病因，需要特殊的治疗。再生障碍性贫血是妊娠贫血的一种罕见的严重病因，需要通过输血来治疗，直至妊娠结束。
