Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2011 May;25(5):279-85. doi: 10.1089/apc.2010.0228. Epub 2011 Mar 29.
The objective of this study was to describe attitudes, opinions, and perceived health needs of HIV-infected women in the United States. In this cross-sectional study, women were invited to participate in the Women Living Positive survey, a structured interview instrument with 45 questions. Collected data were deidentified and the margin of error was calculated as four percentage points. Incoming toll-free phone interviews were conducted from December 21, 2006, through March 14, 2007 among subjects recruited from a U.S. national network of AIDS counseling centers. Seven hundred HIV-infected women (43% African American, 28.5% Hispanic, 28.5% Caucasian; median age, 42.5 years) receiving combination antiretroviral therapy for 3 years or more replied to recruitment flyers. Overall, 55% of survey participants had never discussed gender-specific HIV treatment issues with their HIV care providers. Of the 45% who did discuss these issues, almost all (96%) were satisfied. On average, one-third of the women had seen three or more providers since beginning HIV treatment; 43% indicated they had switched providers because of communication issues. Among women who had been or were pregnant at the time of the survey (n=159), more than half (57%) had not had pre-pregnancy discussions with their HIV provider about the most appropriate HIV regimens for women attempting to become pregnant. Significant communication gaps exist between HIV-infected women and their providers when discussing gender-specific treatment issues. These data highlight a need for U.S. health care providers to incorporate discussion of gender-specific issues, including preconception and reproductive counseling, into management strategies for HIV-infected women.
本研究旨在描述美国 HIV 感染女性的态度、意见和感知健康需求。在这项横断面研究中，邀请女性参与 Women Living Positive 调查，这是一个包含 45 个问题的结构化访谈工具。收集的数据是匿名的，误差幅度计算为四个百分点。从 2006 年 12 月 21 日到 2007 年 3 月 14 日，通过美国全国艾滋病咨询中心网络招募的对象进行了免费电话访谈。700 名接受了 3 年或以上联合抗逆转录病毒治疗的 HIV 感染女性（43%为非裔美国人，28.5%为西班牙裔，28.5%为白人；中位年龄为 42.5 岁）对招募传单做出了回应。总体而言，55%的调查参与者从未与他们的 HIV 护理提供者讨论过特定于性别的 HIV 治疗问题。在讨论过这些问题的 45%的人中，几乎所有人（96%）都感到满意。平均而言，三分之一的女性在开始 HIV 治疗后已经看了三个或更多的医生；43%的人表示他们因为沟通问题而更换了医生。在接受调查时已经或正在怀孕的女性中（n=159），超过一半（57%）没有与 HIV 提供者就最适合试图怀孕的女性的 HIV 方案进行过孕前讨论。在讨论特定于性别的治疗问题时，HIV 感染女性与她们的提供者之间存在着明显的沟通差距。这些数据突出表明，美国医疗保健提供者需要将讨论特定于性别的问题，包括孕前和生殖咨询，纳入 HIV 感染女性的管理策略中。
