Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z4.
Science. 2011 Apr 1;332(6025):109-12. doi: 10.1126/science.1199158.
Climate change-induced increases in summer water temperature have been associated with elevated mortality of adult sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) during river migration. We show that cardiorespiratory physiology varies at the population level among Fraser River sockeye salmon and relates to historical environmental conditions encountered while migrating. Fish from populations with more challenging migratory environments have greater aerobic scope, larger hearts, and better coronary supply. Furthermore, thermal optima for aerobic, cardiac, and heart rate scopes are consistent with the historic river temperature ranges for each population. This study suggests that physiological adaptation occurs at a very local scale, with population-specific thermal limits being set by physiological limitations in aerobic performance, possibly due to cardiac collapse at high temperatures.
气候变化引起的夏季水温升高与成年红大麻哈鱼（Oncorhynchus nerka）在洄游过程中的死亡率升高有关。我们表明，菲沙河红大麻哈鱼的种群水平上的心肺生理机能存在差异，并且与洄游过程中遇到的历史环境条件有关。来自迁徙环境更具挑战性的种群的鱼类具有更大的有氧能力、更大的心脏和更好的冠状动脉供应。此外，有氧、心脏和心率范围的热最佳值与每个种群的历史河流温度范围一致。这项研究表明，生理适应发生在非常局部的尺度上，种群特有的热极限由有氧性能的生理限制决定，可能是由于高温导致心脏衰竭。
