Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Intervirology. 2012;55(1):62-7. doi: 10.1159/000324033. Epub 2011 Apr 1.
Viral interference has been demonstrated in different systems, such as the effect of enterovirus infection on live-attenuated oral polio vaccine. In this study, the effect of reovirus which could exist in the human intestinal tract on poliovirus vaccine strains was investigated and could be an important factor to consider in oral polio vaccination.
Cells were infected with reovirus, then superinfected with poliovirus. The amount of viral yields was measured by the TCID(50) and plaque assay methods. Polioviral RNA synthesis was studied by real-time RT-PCR and the viral RNA load was calculated. Viral protein synthesis was determined using the techniques of immunoflourescent staining and PAGE followed by the immunoblotting experiment.
Poliovirus superinfection of reovirus-infected cells resulted in inhibition of poliovirus replication. It was found that the inhibitory effect of reovirus was after establishment of its infection (2 h postinfection). There was no competition between the two viruses for cell attachment but poliovirus RNA and protein synthesis were inhibited.
Infection of cells with reovirus could interfere with the growth of poliovirus upon superinfection. This phenomenon could be important to consider when using attenuated poliovirus vaccine.
病毒干扰已在不同系统中得到证实，例如肠道病毒感染对口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗的影响。在这项研究中，研究了在人类肠道中存在的呼肠孤病毒对脊髓灰质炎病毒疫苗株的影响，这可能是口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种中需要考虑的一个重要因素。
用呼肠孤病毒感染细胞，然后用脊髓灰质炎病毒超感染。通过 TCID（50）和噬斑测定法测量病毒产量。通过实时 RT-PCR 研究脊髓灰质炎病毒 RNA 合成，并计算病毒 RNA 载量。使用免疫荧光染色和 PAGE 技术以及免疫印迹实验来确定病毒蛋白的合成。
呼肠孤病毒感染的细胞中脊髓灰质炎病毒的超感染导致脊髓灰质炎病毒复制的抑制。结果发现，呼肠孤病毒的抑制作用是在其感染建立后（感染后 2 小时）发生的。两种病毒之间没有细胞附着的竞争，但脊髓灰质炎病毒 RNA 和蛋白的合成受到抑制。
细胞感染呼肠孤病毒可干扰其超感染时脊髓灰质炎病毒的生长。在使用减毒脊髓灰质炎病毒疫苗时，这种现象值得考虑。
