Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación, REDinREN del ISCIII, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
Med Princ Pract. 2011;20(3):203-12. doi: 10.1159/000323434. Epub 2011 Mar 29.
Vascular calcification plays a major role in cardiovascular disease, which is one of the main causes of mortality in chronic kidney disease patients. Vascular calcification is determined by prevalent traditional and uraemia-related (non-traditional) risk factors. It occurs mainly in the arteries, which are classified into three types according to their size and structural characteristics. In addition, vascular calcification has been associated with bone loss and fractures in chronic kidney disease patients and the general population, stressing the fact that both disorders can share pathogenetic pathways. The strategies to control vascular calcification involve several measures, chief among them the control of hyperphosphataemia. Furthermore, it has been recently described that strategies that reduce bone resorption and increase bone mineralization may decrease the risk of vascular calcifications; however, this approach still remains controversial. The mechanisms involved in vascular calcification are complex and not yet fully understood. Phosphorus plays a major role, while other factors related to bone formation have been recently identified.
血管钙化在心血管疾病中起着重要作用，心血管疾病是慢性肾脏病患者死亡的主要原因之一。血管钙化由普遍存在的传统和尿毒症相关（非传统）危险因素决定。它主要发生在动脉中，根据其大小和结构特征可分为三种类型。此外，血管钙化与慢性肾脏病患者和普通人群的骨丢失和骨折有关，这强调了两种疾病可能存在共同的发病途径。控制血管钙化的策略包括多种措施，其中主要措施是控制高磷血症。此外，最近还描述了减少骨吸收和增加骨矿化的策略可能降低血管钙化的风险；然而，这种方法仍然存在争议。血管钙化涉及的机制复杂，尚未完全阐明。磷起着重要作用，而最近又发现了一些与骨形成相关的其他因素。
