Falter Bart, Schepers Serge, Vrielinck Luc, Lambrichts Ivo, Politis Constantinus
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, St. John's Hospital, Genk, Belgium.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2011 Dec;112(6):737-43. doi: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.01.011. Epub 2011 Mar 31.
The objectives of this study were to analyze outcomes with miniplates in orthognathic surgery and define risk factors resulting in plate removal.
Clinical files of 570 orthognathic surgery patients operated between 2004 and 2009 were reviewed: 203 had a bimaxillary operation, 310 a lower jaw osteotomy, and 57 an upper jaw osteotomy. Age, sex, and jaw movement were analyzed. Reasons for hardware removal were recorded.
Hardware was removed in 157 patients (27.5%). Seventy-eight patients (13.7%) needed removal because of plate-related infection; 66 (11.6%) because of clinical irritation; 5 (0.9%) for dental implant placement; and 8 (1.4%) for other reasons. Average time between operation and removal was 9.9 months. More women (31.7%) than men (20.3%) had plates removed, but age was not a factor except with infection.
More than a quarter of patients developed complications from plates and screws, necessitating their removal, and infection occurred in 13.7%. Prompt removal constituted adequate management.
本研究的目的是分析正颌外科中微型钢板的治疗效果，并确定导致钢板取出的危险因素。
回顾了2004年至2009年间接受手术的570例正颌外科患者的临床档案：203例行双颌手术，310例行下颌骨截骨术，57例行上颌骨截骨术。分析了年龄、性别和颌骨移动情况。记录了取出内固定物的原因。
157例患者（27.5%）取出了内固定物。78例患者（13.7%）因钢板相关感染需要取出；66例（11.6%）因临床刺激取出；5例（0.9%）因种植牙植入取出；8例（1.4%）因其他原因取出。手术至取出的平均时间为9.9个月。取出钢板的女性（31.7%）多于男性（20.3%），但除感染外，年龄不是一个因素。
超过四分之一的患者因钢板和螺钉出现并发症而需要取出，13.7%发生了感染。及时取出构成了充分的处理措施。
