Shalom Diego E, Dagnino Bruno, Sigman Mariano
Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, Physics Department, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Vision Res. 2011 Jun 1;51(11):1262-72. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2011.03.017. Epub 2011 Mar 31.
We investigated the organization of eye-movement classes in a natural and dynamical setup. To mimic the goals and objectives of the natural world in a controlled environment, we studied eye-movements while participants played Breakout, an old Atari game which remains surprisingly entertaining, often addictive, in spite of its graphic and structural simplicity. Our results show that eye-movement dynamics can be explained in terms of simple principles of moments of prediction and urgency of action. We observed a consistent anticipatory behavior (gaze was directed ahead of ball trajectory) except during the moment in which the ball bounced either in the walls, or in the paddle. At these moments, we observed a refractory period during which there are no blinks and saccades. Saccade delay caused the gaze to fall behind the ball. This pattern is consistent with a model by which participants postpone saccades at the bounces while predicting the ball trajectory and subsequently make a catch-up saccade directed to a position which anticipates ball trajectory. During bounces, trajectories were smooth and curved interpolating the V-shape function of the ball with minimal acceleration. These results pave the path to understand the taxonomy of eye-movements on natural configurations in which stimuli and goals switch dynamically in time.
我们在自然且动态的环境中研究了眼动类别组织。为了在可控环境中模拟自然世界的目标和目的，我们在参与者玩《打砖块》（一款古老的雅达利游戏，尽管其图形和结构简单，但仍然出奇地有趣，常常令人上瘾）时研究眼动。我们的结果表明，眼动动力学可以用预测时刻和行动紧迫性的简单原则来解释。我们观察到一种一致的预期行为（注视指向球的轨迹前方），除非球在墙壁或球拍上反弹的那一刻。在这些时刻，我们观察到一个不应期，在此期间没有眨眼和扫视。扫视延迟导致注视落后于球。这种模式与一个模型一致，即参与者在反弹时推迟扫视，同时预测球的轨迹，随后进行一次指向预期球轨迹位置的追赶扫视。在反弹期间，轨迹是平滑且弯曲的，以最小加速度内插球的V形函数。这些结果为理解自然配置中眼动的分类学铺平了道路，在自然配置中，刺激和目标会随时间动态切换。
