Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Mihama-ku, Chiba, Japan.
J Prosthet Dent. 2011 Apr;105(4):272-9. doi: 10.1016/S0022-3913(11)60043-7.
Oral perception is adversely affected by palatal coverage in complete denture wearers.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether an opening in an anterior palatal base enhanced oral perception and the effect of the size of the opening on retention.
Ten healthy dentate individuals (5 men, 5 women; age range: 22-29 years) participated in the perception test. The time required to sense a nylon thread embedded in test food was measured. The test was performed with 3 types of experimental palatal form: no-opening; small-opening, where the opening was located in the anterior region of the palatal base; and large-opening, where the opening was located between the incisive papilla and the third palatal rugae. No palatal coverage was used as a control. Retention force was measured by pulling and loading tests. In the pulling test, pulling force was applied to 2 points on the experimental denture base, and in the loading test, loading force was applied to 6 points. Response times (sec) and retention forces (N) were analyzed using a 1-way ANOVA for repeated measurements followed by the Bonferroni test for multiple comparisons (α=.05).
A significant difference was observed in response time in fiber perception between bases with or without a small opening (P =.017). In the pulling test, retention force with the small-opening type was 4% lower at the molar region, and 35% lower at the center of gravity than in the no-opening type. Retention force in the large-opening type was lower than in the small-opening type. In the loading test, retention force was 13 N or higher in all 3 types.
The small-opening type of palatal coverage improved oral perception and demonstrated sufficient retention force.
腭覆盖物会影响全口义齿佩戴者的口腔感知。
本研究旨在确定腭前基底部的开口是否能增强口腔感知，并研究开口大小对固位力的影响。
10 名健康的无牙颌个体（5 男，5 女；年龄范围：22-29 岁）参与了感知测试。测量感知嵌入测试食物中的尼龙线所需的时间。使用 3 种不同的实验性腭形态进行测试：无开口；小开口，开口位于腭基底部的前区；大开口，开口位于切牙乳头和第三腭皱之间。不使用腭覆盖物作为对照。通过拉拔和加载试验测量固位力。在拉拔试验中，在实验义齿基托的 2 个点上施加拉力，在加载试验中，在 6 个点上施加力。使用重复测量的单因素方差分析对响应时间（秒）和固位力（N）进行分析，然后进行多重比较的 Bonferroni 检验（α=.05）。
在纤维感知方面，有无小开口的基托之间的响应时间存在显著差异（P=.017）。在拉拔试验中，小开口型在磨牙区的固位力比无开口型低 4%，在重心区的固位力比无开口型低 35%。大开口型的固位力低于小开口型。在加载试验中，3 种类型的固位力均在 13 N 或更高。
腭覆盖物的小开口型改善了口腔感知，并具有足够的固位力。
