Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Gait Posture. 2011 Apr;33(4):527-31. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.03.002. Epub 2011 Apr 1.
Knowledge generated by research into the control of posture and gait has many implications for individuals with balance and mobility impairments. Communicating such knowledge through conference presentations and peer-reviewed manuscripts is appropriate for some audiences, but does not effectively reach all potential knowledge users (for example: clinicians, policy-makers, and the public). Expanding interest in promoting evidence-based decision-making and practice to ensure that research results reach the target end-user has lead to the emergence of the field of knowledge translation (KT). The focus of KT is to improve the dissemination and uptake of knowledge in decision-making, and is grounded in a number of theoretical frameworks and its own rapidly expanding literature base. As many general principles of KT can be applied to the optimization of balance and mobility, the purpose of this review is to serve as a primer for gait and posture researchers. Two major models of KT are summarized: the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Roadmap and Knowledge-to-Action Framework. The principles outlined in these frameworks are applied to guidelines to assist researchers with developing their own evidence-based KT strategies. Examples of balance and mobility-specific KT activities are provided when appropriate, but there is a need for more studies that attempt to use evidence-based KT strategies to change practice in this particular field.
研究姿势和步态控制所产生的知识对平衡和行动能力受损的个体具有重要意义。通过会议演讲和同行评审的论文来传达这些知识，对于某些受众来说是合适的，但并不能有效地覆盖所有潜在的知识使用者（例如：临床医生、政策制定者和公众）。为了推动基于证据的决策制定和实践，扩大对促进知识转化（KT）的兴趣，以确保研究结果能够到达目标最终用户，这导致了知识转化领域的出现。知识转化的重点是改善决策中的知识传播和应用，其基础是一些理论框架及其快速扩展的文献基础。由于许多知识转化的一般原则都可以应用于平衡和移动能力的优化，因此本综述的目的是为步态和姿势研究人员提供一个入门指南。总结了知识转化的两个主要模型：美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）路线图和知识转化框架。这些框架中概述的原则适用于指导研究人员制定自己的基于证据的知识转化策略。在适当的情况下提供了与平衡和移动能力相关的特定知识转化活动的示例，但需要更多的研究来尝试使用基于证据的知识转化策略来改变这一特定领域的实践。
