Interference with viral infection by RNA replicase deleted at the carboxy-terminal region.

Escherichia coli cells harboring an altered Q beta RNA replicase which has amino acid substitutions of the glycine residue at position 357 in the conserved sequence Tyr356-Gly357-Asp358-Asp359 of the beta-subunit protein lost the replicase activity but interfered with proliferation of Q beta phage [Inokuchi and Hirashima (1987) J. Virol. 61, 3946-3949]. To examine the mechanism of the interference, we further analyzed various mutants lacking the carboxy-terminal region of the beta-subunit protein. The cells expressing the beta-subunit gene with up to 17% deletion from the carboxy-terminus of the protein prevented the proliferation of Q beta phage. However, in the case that the deletion extended beyond 25% from the carboxy-terminus, the cells showed no interference. In addition, when the interference took place, the phage coat protein synthesis was inhibited. These results indicate that the region between amino acids 440 and 487 of the beta-subunit protein is involved in the interference and suggest that the defective replicase inhibits the phage coat protein synthesis by competing with the ribosomes at the initiation site of the coat gene.