Diaconu Carmen C, Neagu Ana I, Lungu Răzvan, Tardei Graţiela, Alexiu Irina, Bleotu Coralia, Economescu Mihaela Chivu, Bumbăcea Roxana S, Pele Irina, Bumbăcea Dragoş
Antiviral Therapy Department, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest, Romania.
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol. 2010 Oct-Dec;69(4):190-6.
CD4+ T helper (Th) cells have been divided into different subsets as defined by their cytokine products and functions after their activation. CD4+ T cell subsets are continuously discovered and until now Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17, and regulatory T (Treg) cells have been almost unanimously recognized but yet not completely characterized. The selective production of cytokines by each of the subsets is probably the master key of the mechanisms of immune regulation. The cytokine milieu is extremely important on deciding the fate of T cells. Generally, more than one cytokine is needed for differentiating to a particular lineage and just recently it was shown that this status quo of commitment could be challenged. It is well known that cytokines bind to Type I/II cytokine receptors signaling via Janus kinases (JAKs) followed by activation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT). STAT molecules work together with other transcription factors (Foxp3, RORgammat and RORalpha, T-bet, GATA3, Runx 1, NFAT, etc.) also controlled by cytokines, in modulating the Th phenotype and functions. In this review, we analyze the plasticity of Treg population focusing on the most recent discoveries on how microenvironmental cytokines refine/modify Treg phenotype and function, thus changing their fate.
CD4+辅助性T（Th）细胞根据其激活后产生的细胞因子产物和功能被分为不同的亚群。CD4+ T细胞亚群不断被发现，到目前为止，Th1、Th2、Th9、Th17和调节性T（Treg）细胞几乎已得到一致认可，但尚未被完全表征。每个亚群选择性产生细胞因子可能是免疫调节机制的关键所在。细胞因子环境对于决定T细胞的命运极为重要。一般来说，分化为特定谱系需要不止一种细胞因子，而最近有研究表明这种传统的分化状态可能会受到挑战。众所周知，细胞因子与I/II型细胞因子受体结合，通过Janus激酶（JAK）发出信号，随后激活信号转导子和转录激活子（STAT）。STAT分子与同样受细胞因子调控的其他转录因子（Foxp3、RORγt和RORα、T-bet、GATA3、Runx 1、NFAT等）共同作用，调节Th细胞的表型和功能。在这篇综述中，我们聚焦于关于微环境细胞因子如何细化/改变Treg细胞表型和功能从而改变其命运的最新发现，分析Treg细胞群体的可塑性。
