Trinity Institute for the Addictions, College of Social Work, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2011 Apr;19(2):134-44. doi: 10.1037/a0022859.
Inhalants are widely misused by adolescents and are among the most toxic of psychoactive substances. This investigation examined the prevalence and correlates of adverse consequences of acute inhalant intoxication. Adolescent inhalant users (n = 279) in residential care completed structured interviews including assessments of the characteristics of their inhalant use. Multivariate logistic and linear regression and path analyses identified correlates of adverse inhalant intoxication-related experiences. Results of this study indicated that high-risk behaviors and adverse outcomes experienced during episodes of inhalant intoxication were common in this sample. High-frequency inhalant users were significantly more likely than moderate- and low-frequency users to experience adverse consequences of inhalant intoxication. Certain risky behaviors and consequences, such as engaging in unprotected sex or acts of physical violence while high on inhalants, were dramatically more common among high-frequency users than low-frequency users. Prior traumatic experiences, trait impulsivity, self-medication use of inhalants, and polydrug use were significant correlates of adverse inhalant-intoxication-related consequences. Adverse events and high-risk behaviors commonly occurred during episodes of inhalant intoxication in this sample of adolescents. High-frequency inhalant users and youth who used inhalants to medicate negative affective states were at elevated risk for such events.
吸入剂被青少年广泛滥用，是最具毒性的精神活性物质之一。本研究调查了急性吸入剂中毒的不良后果的流行率和相关因素。接受住宿治疗的青少年吸入剂使用者（n=279）完成了结构访谈，包括对其吸入剂使用特征的评估。多变量逻辑回归和线性回归以及路径分析确定了与不良吸入剂中毒相关经历的相关因素。本研究的结果表明，在吸入剂中毒期间，高风险行为和不良后果在该样本中很常见。高频吸入剂使用者比中、低频使用者更有可能经历吸入剂中毒的不良后果。某些高风险行为和后果，例如在吸入剂作用下发生无保护性行为或身体暴力行为，在高频使用者中比低频使用者明显更为常见。先前的创伤经历、特质冲动、使用吸入剂自我治疗以及多药物使用是与不良吸入剂中毒相关后果的显著相关因素。在该青少年样本中，不良事件和高风险行为在吸入剂中毒期间经常发生。高频吸入剂使用者和使用吸入剂来治疗消极情绪状态的青少年处于此类事件的风险增加。
