Department of Public Health, University of Tartu, Estonia.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2011 Aug;35(8):1454-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01481.x. Epub 2011 Apr 4.
Surrogate, nonbeverage alcohols, provide a cheap and concentrated source of ethanol for drinking that has been associated with premature mortality. The aim of this study was to provide the first estimate of the prevalence of surrogate alcohol consumption in a national population sample of Estonia.
The Estonian Health Interview Survey conducted in 2006 to 2007 was a nationally representative sample of the population aged 15 to 84 years (N = 6,370). The age-standardized percentage prevalences of ever having drunk surrogates were estimated. The association of age, ethnicity, and education with the prevalence of surrogate drinking was estimated using logistic regression.
Of all respondents who reported drinking at least once in their lifetime (N = 5,423), 65% had consumed alcohol during the previous 4 weeks. In this group (N = 3,525), the age-standardized prevalence rate of surrogate drinking was 1.4% (2.3% men, 0.3% women). Among men, surrogate drinking was rare under the age of 35 years (0.3%). Ethnicity and education were both related to surrogate drinking: relative to Estonian men, non-Estonians (mainly Russians) had an odds ratio (OR) for surrogate drinking (adjusted for age and education) of 2.58 (95% CI 1.41, 4.72), while relative to those with higher education those with secondary education had an OR (adjusted for age and ethnicity) of 2.28 (0.78, 6.67) and those with basic education an OR of 3.91 (1.29, 11.84).
Surrogate alcohols are drunk in Estonia, particularly among men. This behavior shows pronounced variation in prevalence by ethnicity and education. Reducing consumption of these substances needs to be part of any strategy to reduce the burden of alcohol-related problems in Estonia today.
替代型非饮料酒精为饮酒提供了廉价且高浓度的乙醇来源，与过早死亡有关。本研究旨在为爱沙尼亚全国人口样本中替代型酒精消费的流行率提供首次估计。
2006 年至 2007 年进行的爱沙尼亚健康访谈调查是对 15 至 84 岁人群进行的全国代表性样本调查（N=6370）。估计了曾经饮用过替代型酒精的人的年龄标准化百分比流行率。使用逻辑回归估计年龄、族裔和教育与替代型饮酒流行率之间的关联。
在所有报告一生中至少喝过一次酒的受访者中（N=5423），65%的人在过去 4 周内喝过酒。在这个组中（N=3525），替代型饮酒的年龄标准化流行率为 1.4%（男性 2.3%，女性 0.3%）。在男性中，35 岁以下很少有饮用替代型酒精的人（0.3%）。族裔和教育都与替代型饮酒有关：与爱沙尼亚男性相比，非爱沙尼亚人（主要是俄罗斯人）的替代型饮酒比值比（调整年龄和教育因素后的比值）为 2.58（95%置信区间 1.41，4.72），而与教育程度较高的人相比，接受中等教育的人比值比为 2.28（调整年龄和族裔后的比值比为 0.78，6.67），接受基础教育的人比值比为 3.91（1.29，11.84）。
爱沙尼亚人饮用替代型酒精，特别是男性。这种行为在流行率方面表现出明显的族裔和教育差异。减少这些物质的消费需要成为今天减少爱沙尼亚与酒精相关问题负担的任何策略的一部分。
