Jauchem James R, Seaman Ronald L, Fines David A
Directed Energy Bioeffects Division, Human Effectiveness Directorate, US Air Force Research Laboratory, San Antonio, TX 78235, USA.
Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2011 Jun;32(2):124-30. doi: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3182186d5d.
Electronic control devices (ECDs) may eventually be deployed by the military in a manner resulting in longer exposures than those encountered during law-enforcement operations. In a previous study, 18 repeated cycling (5-second on/5-second off) exposures (within a 3-minute period) of anesthetized swine to an ECD (TASER International's Advanced TASER X26 device) resulted in leg muscle contraction, acidosis, and increases in blood electrolytes. In the current study, experiments were performed to examine effects of exposures to a different cycling rate (7-second on/3-second off), from a modified X26 ECD, on 10 swine (Sus scrofa), maintained on propofol anesthesia. In contrast with the previous study, a large number of animals (6/10) died immediately after the exposures. There were no major differences in pre-exposure blood factors from survivors versus nonsurvivors, with the exception of hematocrit and 2 isoenzymes of lactate dehydrogenase. It is doubtful that these factors would be useful in predicting survival after ECD exposure. Blood pH was significantly decreased after exposure, but (in animals that survived) subsequently returned to baseline levels. On the basis of the overall survival rate, further development of useful ECDs (for long-term incapacitation during military operations) may require consideration of longer pauses between repeated exposures over a 3-minute period.
电子控制设备（ECDs）最终可能会被军方以一种导致暴露时间比执法行动中更长的方式部署。在之前的一项研究中，将麻醉的猪在3分钟内18次重复循环（5秒开启/5秒关闭）暴露于一种电子控制设备（泰瑟国际公司的先进泰瑟X26设备），导致腿部肌肉收缩、酸中毒以及血液电解质增加。在当前的研究中，进行了实验以检验暴露于一种经过改进的X26电子控制设备的不同循环速率（7秒开启/3秒关闭）对10头处于丙泊酚麻醉状态的猪（野猪）的影响。与之前的研究不同，大量动物（6/10）在暴露后立即死亡。暴露前幸存者与非幸存者的血液因子除了血细胞比容和乳酸脱氢酶的两种同工酶外没有重大差异。怀疑这些因子在预测电子控制设备暴露后的存活情况时是否有用。暴露后血液pH值显著下降，但（在存活的动物中）随后恢复到基线水平。基于总体存活率，（用于军事行动中长时间使人员丧失能力的）有用的电子控制设备的进一步研发可能需要考虑在3分钟内重复暴露之间更长的间隔时间。
