Department of Communication, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Health Commun. 2011 Sep;26(6):491-501. doi: 10.1080/10410236.2011.556080. Epub 2011 Jun 24.
Approximately 20 million people in the United States have genital human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection linked to cancer. We examined the news information presented about the HPV vaccine in major U.S. newspapers over the 19 months following its Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval. To answer the question of how news information is presented in ways that might influence public health, we explored the frequency of cancer prevention and sexually transmitted infection prevention message frames used to describe the HPV vaccine, the extent to which journalists relied on official sources, and the presence of personal examples. A content analysis of 547 newspaper articles revealed that less than half of the articles provided detailed health information. Of the articles that contained a message frame, cancer prevention was most frequently employed. Government/political sources, medical doctors, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) were the most commonly cited sources. Finally, we found that only 16% of all the articles we sampled featured personal accounts. Together, our findings suggest that U.S. newspaper coverage lacked detailed information about both HPV and the HPV vaccine in spite of federal approval of the vaccine, legal mandates for the vaccine, and a widespread information campaign. Implications for public health are discussed.
大约 2000 万美国人患有生殖器人乳头瘤病毒（HPV），这是一种与癌症有关的性传播感染。我们研究了在美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）批准后 19 个月内，美国主要报纸上报道的 HPV 疫苗的新闻信息。为了回答新闻信息以何种方式呈现可能影响公众健康的问题，我们探讨了用于描述 HPV 疫苗的癌症预防和性传播感染预防信息框架的使用频率、记者依赖官方来源的程度以及个人实例的存在。对 547 篇报纸文章的内容分析表明，只有不到一半的文章提供了详细的健康信息。在包含信息框架的文章中，癌症预防最常被采用。政府/政治来源、医生和疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）是最常被引用的来源。最后，我们发现我们抽样的所有文章中只有 16%的文章包含个人描述。总之，我们的研究结果表明，尽管联邦政府批准了 HPV 疫苗，法律要求接种 HPV 疫苗，并且开展了广泛的宣传活动，但美国报纸的报道仍缺乏有关 HPV 和 HPV 疫苗的详细信息。讨论了对公共卫生的影响。
