Stehle J, Gohlke F
Klinik für Schulterchirurgie, Salzburger Leite 1, 97616, Bad Neustadt/Saale, Deutschland.
Orthopade. 2011 Apr;40(4):282-90. doi: 10.1007/s00132-010-1662-9.
An elbow can become stiff for a variety of reasons, such as intra-articular or extra-articular fractures, soft-tissue trauma, prolonged immobilization, thermal injury, infection, inflammatory arthritis, osteoarthrosis and heterotopic bone formation. Elbow stiffness is usually classified into extrinsic (affecting the capsule and extra-articular soft tissues), intrinsic (affecting the synovial and intra-articular structures) and mixed forms. Indications for operative treatment have to be considered in cases of failed conservative treatment with severe functional deficits. The choice of operative treatment has to be based on a thorough analysis of the underlying cause, the affected structures, the pathogenesis and the individual needs. Options are an arthroscopic or open arthrolysis, endoprostheses, hinged external fixators, interposition arthroplasty or combinations of these procedures.
肘关节僵硬可能由多种原因引起，如关节内或关节外骨折、软组织创伤、长期制动、热损伤、感染、炎性关节炎、骨关节炎和异位骨化。肘关节僵硬通常分为外在型（影响关节囊和关节外软组织）、内在型（影响滑膜和关节内结构）和混合型。对于保守治疗失败且存在严重功能缺陷的病例，必须考虑手术治疗的指征。手术治疗的选择必须基于对潜在病因、受累结构、发病机制和个体需求的全面分析。可选择的方法有关节镜或切开松解术、人工关节置换、铰链式外固定架、间置关节成形术或这些手术的联合应用。
