Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Davis, CA 95618, USA.
Pest Manag Sci. 2011 May;67(5):548-55. doi: 10.1002/ps.2094. Epub 2011 Jan 11.
The mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae), is the most destructive bark beetle in western North America. Dendroctonus ponderosae can be prevented from successfully colonizing and killing individual trees by ground-based sprays of insecticides applied directly to the tree bole. However, the future availability of several active ingredients, including carbaryl which is most commonly used in the western United States, is uncertain. Two novel insecticides, cyantraniliprole [Cyazypyr(™)-OD (oil dispersion) and Cyazypyr(™)-SC (suspension concentrate)] and chlorantraniliprole (Rynaxypyr(®)), and carbaryl were assayed in both filter paper and topical assays.
Compared with 20,000 mg L(-1) carbaryl (i.e. the maximum label rate for solutions applied to conifers for protection from bark beetle attack in the western United States), cyantraniliprole OD caused similar rates of mortality in D. ponderosae adults at 400-fold weaker concentrations in both bioassays, while cyantraniliprole SC caused similar rates of mortality at 40-fold weaker concentrations. Probit analyses confirmed that D. ponderosae is most sensitive to cyantraniliprole OD, while chlorantraniliprole was effective at concentrations similar to carbaryl.
These results suggest that lower concentrations of carbaryl have merit for field testing than have been previously considered. While cyantraniliprole and chlorantraniliprole have similar modes of action, cyantraniliprole OD appears to have greater promise for protecting individual trees from mortality attributed to D. ponderosae attack and should be evaluated in field studies.
山松甲虫，Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins（鞘翅目：象甲科，扁甲科），是北美西部最具破坏性的树皮甲虫。通过直接向树干喷洒地面杀虫剂，可以防止山松甲虫成功地定殖和杀死单个树木。然而，几种有效成分的未来供应情况不确定，包括在美国西部最常用的carbaryl。两种新型杀虫剂，cyantraniliprole [Cyazypyr(™)-OD（油分散体）和 Cyazypyr(™)-SC（悬浮浓缩物）]和chlorantraniliprole（Rynaxypyr(®)）以及 carbaryl 在滤纸和局部测定中进行了测定。
与 20,000 mg L(-1) carbaryl（即美国西部用于保护针叶树免受树皮甲虫侵害的最大标签浓度）相比，在两种生物测定中，cyantraniliprole OD 在浓度低 400 倍的情况下对成年山松甲虫的死亡率相似，而 cyantraniliprole SC 在浓度低 40 倍的情况下对死亡率相似。概率分析证实，山松甲虫对 cyantraniliprole OD 最敏感，而chlorantraniliprole 在与 carbaryl 相似的浓度下有效。
这些结果表明，与以前考虑的相比，较低浓度的 carbaryl 具有进行田间试验的价值。虽然 cyantraniliprole 和 chlorantraniliprole 具有相似的作用方式，但 cyantraniliprole OD 似乎更有希望保护单个树木免受山松甲虫侵害，并且应该在田间研究中进行评估。
