Jodkowska Maria, Oblacińska Anna, Tabak Izabela, Mikiel-Kostyra Krystyna
Zakład Ochrony i Promocji Zdrowia Dzieci i Młodziezy Instytut Matki i Dziecka w Warszawie.
Przegl Epidemiol. 2010;64(4):565-70.
to examine the prevalence of nutritional status and growth disorders in 13-year-olds in Poland by sex and place of residence and changes during the period 2005 to 2008.
The study was conducted in 2008 as a part of prospective cohort follow-up study of 605 children (305 girls and 300 boys), from birth to 13 years. Analyses of anthropometric measurements: height and weight were performed. Institute of Mother and Child growth references for height-for-age and BMI-for-age (1999) were used to assess physical disorders.
The prevalence of overweight (BMI > or = 85th percentile) was 14% and underweight (BMI < 5 percentile) was 4,1%. Short stature (< 10th percentile of height) was found in 6%, and 6,2% were above 97th percentile of height. We found no statistically significant difference in nutritional and growth status disorders by sex and place of residence. The overall prevalence of overweight (including obesity) did not change from 2005 to 2008. Prevalence of underweight decreased especially among boys (9% to 3,1%, p=0,010) and among adolescents from rural area (8,2% to 4%, p=0,058). We found some evidence for equalization of the percentages of short stature in boys and girls, rural and urban adolescents. The tall stature rate rose only among girls (3,8% to 8,3%, p=0,050).
Disappearance of the prevalence of physical disorders by sex and place of residence has been observed in the last few years in Poland. Overweight among 13-year-olds is not growing and acceleration of height is still observed.
按性别和居住地区调查2005年至2008年期间波兰13岁青少年的营养状况和生长障碍患病率。
该研究于2008年开展，是一项对605名儿童（305名女孩和300名男孩）从出生到13岁的前瞻性队列随访研究的一部分。进行了人体测量分析：测量身高和体重。使用母婴研究所的年龄别身高和年龄别BMI生长参考标准（1999年）来评估身体障碍。
超重（BMI≥第85百分位数）患病率为14%，体重过轻（BMI＜第5百分位数）患病率为4.1%。矮小身材（身高＜第10百分位数）的比例为6%，身高高于第97百分位数的比例为6.2%。我们发现按性别和居住地区划分的营养和生长状况障碍无统计学显著差异。2005年至2008年期间，超重（包括肥胖）的总体患病率没有变化。体重过轻的患病率有所下降，尤其是男孩（从9%降至3.1%，p = 0.010）以及农村地区青少年（从8.2%降至4%，p = 0.058）。我们发现一些证据表明男孩和女孩、农村和城市青少年的矮小身材比例趋于均衡。高身材比例仅在女孩中上升（从3.8%升至8.3%，p = 0.050）。
过去几年在波兰观察到按性别和居住地区划分的身体障碍患病率差异消失。13岁青少年的超重情况没有增加，身高增长仍在加速。
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