Vaughan-Shaw Peter G, Pavlou Paul, Manjaly Joseph G, Ward Peter
Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Southampton, UK.
Acta Orthop Belg. 2011 Feb;77(1):1-8.
Venous thromboembolism is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in trauma patients. Mechanical and pharmacological methods of thromboprophylaxis are available and guidelines relating to thromboprophylaxis in trauma include those published by the American College of Chest Physicians, the UK-based National Institute of Clinical Excellence, the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network and US-based Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma. All four guidelines have in common a recommendation for the use of low-molecular-weight heparin except where contraindicated. However, there is little consensus between guidelines relating to which mechanical methods should be used. Given the risk of thromboembolism in trauma patients and increasing interest in this condition clinicians should be aware of local and national guidelines relating to venous thromboembolism prevention in trauma patients. This paper reviews methods of thromboprophylaxis and compares guidelines relating to their use in trauma patients.
静脉血栓栓塞是创伤患者发病和死亡的常见原因。有机械性和药物性血栓预防方法，创伤血栓预防指南包括美国胸科医师学会、英国国家临床优化研究所、苏格兰跨学院指南网络以及美国东部创伤外科学会发布的指南。除有禁忌证外，所有这四项指南都共同推荐使用低分子量肝素。然而，关于应使用哪些机械方法，各指南之间几乎没有共识。鉴于创伤患者存在血栓栓塞风险且对此病症的关注度不断提高，临床医生应了解有关创伤患者静脉血栓栓塞预防的地方和国家指南。本文综述了血栓预防方法，并比较了关于其在创伤患者中使用的指南。
