Larizgoitia Itziar, Izarzugaza Isabel, Markez Iñaki, Fernández Itziar, Iraurgi Ioseba, Larizgoitia Arantza, Ballesteros Javier, Fernández-Liria Alberto, Moreno Florentino, Retolaza Ander, Páez Darío, Martín-Beristaín Carlos, Alonso Jordi
Equipo ISAVIC, España. itziar
Gac Sanit. 2011 May-Jun;25(3):246-53. doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2011.01.001. Epub 2011 Apr 6.
Epidemiologic research on collective violence (violence exerted by and within groups in pursuit of political, social or economic goals) is very scarce despite its growing recognition as a major public health issue. This paper describes the conceptual model and design of one of the first research studies conducted in Spain aiming to assess the impact of collective violence in the health status of its victims (study known as ISAVIC, based on its Spanish title Impacto en la SAlud de la VIolencia Colectiva).
Starting with a comprehensive but non-systematic review of the literature, the authors describe the sequelae likely produced by collective violence and propose a conceptual model to explain the nature of the relationships between collective violence and health status. The conceptual model informed the ISAVIC study design and its measurement instruments.
The possible sequelae of collective violence, in the physical, emotional and social dimensions of health, are described. Also, the review distinguishes the likely impact in primary and secondary victims, as well as the interplay with the social environment. The mixed methodological design of the ISAVIC study supports the coherence of the conceptual model described.
The ISAVIC study suggests that collective violence may affect the main dimensions of the health status of its victims, in intimate relation to the societal factors where it operates. It is necessary to validate these results with new studies.
尽管集体暴力（群体为追求政治、社会或经济目标而实施的暴力行为以及群体内部的暴力行为）作为一个主要的公共卫生问题日益受到关注，但其流行病学研究却非常匮乏。本文描述了西班牙开展的首批旨在评估集体暴力对受害者健康状况影响的研究之一的概念模型和设计（该研究简称为ISAVIC，取自其西班牙文标题Impacto en la SAlud de la VIolencia Colectiva，意为集体暴力对健康的影响）。
作者首先对文献进行了全面但非系统性的综述，描述了集体暴力可能产生的后遗症，并提出了一个概念模型来解释集体暴力与健康状况之间关系的本质。该概念模型为ISAVIC研究设计及其测量工具提供了依据。
描述了集体暴力在健康的身体、情感和社会层面可能产生的后遗症。此外，该综述区分了对主要受害者和次要受害者可能产生的影响，以及与社会环境的相互作用。ISAVIC研究的混合方法设计支持了所描述概念模型的连贯性。
ISAVIC研究表明，集体暴力可能会影响其受害者健康状况的主要层面，且与暴力发生的社会因素密切相关。有必要通过新的研究来验证这些结果。
