Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Norway.
Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2011 Apr;26(3):260-9. doi: 10.1093/arclin/acr019. Epub 2011 Apr 6.
The objective of this study was (a) to investigate the accordance of self-reported and objectively assessed olfactory functioning and (b) to compare performance on cognitive tests of individuals unaware of their olfactory dysfunction with individuals aware of their olfactory status. Two hundred forty participants, constituting two age groups, were evaluated with the Scandinavian Odor Identification Test, a question of self-evaluated olfactory function, tests of cognitive function, and a memory questionnaire. The proportion of individuals being unaware of an olfactory dysfunction was high in both middle aged (86%) and old (78%) participants. Performance on neuropsychological tests showed that persons unaware of their olfactory dysfunction performed poorer on tests of verbal learning and memory and attention/processing speed compared to individuals aware of a normal olfactory status as well as individuals aware of their olfactory dysfunction. The clinical relevance of unawareness of olfactory dysfunction, as suggested earlier, needs further investigation and stresses the need of an extensive multi-modal and longitudinal assessment of unawareness of sensory and cognitive function to learn more about the facets of the concept of unawareness.
(a) 调查自我报告和客观评估的嗅觉功能的一致性，(b) 比较嗅觉功能障碍个体与嗅觉状况自知个体在认知测试中的表现。对 240 名参与者进行了评估，包括两个年龄组，他们接受了斯堪的纳维亚嗅觉识别测试、自我评估嗅觉功能的问题、认知功能测试和记忆问卷。中年（86%）和老年（78%）参与者中，有很大一部分人不知道自己有嗅觉功能障碍。与嗅觉功能正常的个体以及嗅觉功能障碍自知的个体相比，不知道自己嗅觉功能障碍的个体在言语学习和记忆以及注意力/处理速度的神经心理测试中表现更差。正如之前所建议的，嗅觉功能障碍不自知的临床意义需要进一步研究，并强调需要对感觉和认知功能的不自知进行广泛的多模态和纵向评估，以更多地了解不自知概念的各个方面。
