Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, The Royal London Hospital (Mile End), London, UK.
Postgrad Med. 2011 Mar;123(2):104-11. doi: 10.3810/pgm.2011.03.2268.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and associated mortality are more common in British South Asians than in the British white population. Most of the aspects of the cardiovascular risk profile are modifiable, and are thought to be established in childhood. However, the role of genetics and ethnicity has not been fully elucidated.
This pilot study compared cardiovascular risk profiles in British South Asian and British white adolescents, and investigated the relationships between physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, nutrition, and CVD risk profile in both ethnic groups.
Cardiovascular risk factors included systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body composition, fasting glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides. Physical activity was measured using 7-day accelerometry; diet was measured from a 3-day dietary record. Fitness was assessed from running economy, submaximal exercise lactate response, and peak oxygen uptake. Body composition was determined through a bioelectrical impedance analyzer (BIA). Finger-prick blood samples were taken for fasting glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides.
Twelve British South Asian males (aged 15.2 ± 0.3 years) and 11 British white males (aged 15.1 ± 0.3 years) were recruited. Mean systolic blood pressure in British South Asian adolescents was 6.9 mm Hg higher (95% confidence interval [CI], -13.4 to 0.4 mm Hg) than in their British white counterparts. Following multifactorial adjustment, this increased to 12.4 mm Hg. Fasting blood triglycerides were 1.04 mmol/L (0.52-1.57 mmol/L) higher in Asians; this was nonsignificant following adjustment for dietary factors. The British South Asian adolescents' diet contained 42 g (23-61 g) more fat per day.
Differences in cardiovascular risk profile between British South Asian and British white males are present in adolescence, with higher fasting blood triglycerides in British South Asian adolescent males being attributed to a higher proportion of dietary fat. Interventions may thus be developed to influence dietary choices during childhood, and therefore potentially reduce CVD in adulthood.
心血管疾病（CVD）及其相关死亡率在英国南亚人群中比英国白种人群更为常见。心血管风险概况的大多数方面都是可以改变的，并且被认为在儿童时期就已经确立。然而，遗传和种族的作用尚未得到充分阐明。
本研究比较了英国南亚裔和英国白种青少年的心血管风险概况，并探讨了这两个种族群体中身体活动、心肺功能适应性、营养与 CVD 风险概况之间的关系。
心血管危险因素包括收缩压和舒张压、身体成分、空腹血糖、胆固醇和甘油三酯。身体活动通过 7 天加速计测量；饮食通过 3 天饮食记录测量。适应性通过跑步经济性、亚最大运动乳酸反应和峰值摄氧量评估。身体成分通过生物电阻抗分析仪（BIA）确定。手指采血进行空腹血糖、胆固醇和甘油三酯检测。
共招募了 12 名英国南亚裔男性（年龄 15.2±0.3 岁）和 11 名英国白种男性（年龄 15.1±0.3 岁）。英国南亚裔青少年的平均收缩压比英国白种人高 6.9mmHg（95%置信区间[CI]，-13.4 至 0.4mmHg）。经过多因素调整后，这一数值增加到 12.4mmHg。亚洲青少年的空腹血甘油三酯高 1.04mmol/L（0.52-1.57mmol/L）；调整饮食因素后，这一数值无统计学意义。英国南亚裔青少年的饮食中每天多摄入 42 克（23-61 克）脂肪。
英国南亚裔和英国白种男性青少年的心血管风险概况存在差异，英国南亚裔青少年男性的空腹血甘油三酯较高归因于饮食中脂肪比例较高。因此，可能会开发干预措施来影响儿童时期的饮食选择，从而潜在降低成年期 CVD 的发生风险。
