Environmental Engineering Program, School of Energy, Environmental, Biological, and Medical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, USA.
J Environ Sci (China). 2011;23(1):1-13. doi: 10.1016/s1001-0742(10)60367-1.
Problems due to the taste and odor in drinking water are common in treatment facilities around the world. Taste and odor are perceived by the public as the primary indicators of the safely and acceptability of drinking water and are mainly caused by the presence of two semi-volatile compounds--2-methyl isoborneol (MIB) and geosmin. A review of these two taste and odor causing compounds in drinking water is presented. The sources for the formation of these compounds in water are discussed along with the health and regulatory implications. The recent developments in the analysis of MIB/geosmin in water which have allowed for rapid measurements in the nanogram per liter concentrations are also discussed. This review focuses on the relevant treatment alternatives, that are described in detail with emphasis on their respective advantages and problems associated with their implementation in a full-scale facility. Conventional treatment processes in water treatment plants, such as coagulation, sedimentation and chlorination have been found to be ineffective for removal of MIB/geosmin. Studies have shown powdered activated carbon, ozonation and biofiltration to be effective in treatment of these two compounds. Although some of these technologies are more effective and show more promise than the others, much work remains to be done to optimize these technologies so that they can be retrofitted or installed with minimal impact on the overall operation and effectiveness of the treatment system.
饮用水中的异味问题在世界范围内的处理设施中很常见。味道和气味被公众视为饮用水安全性和可接受性的主要指标，主要是由两种半挥发性化合物——2-甲基异冰片（MIB）和土臭素引起的。本文对这两种饮用水异味化合物进行了综述。讨论了这些化合物在水中形成的来源，以及它们对健康和法规的影响。还讨论了水中 MIB/土臭素分析的最新进展，这些进展使得可以在纳克/升浓度下进行快速测量。本文重点介绍了相关的处理方法，详细描述了它们各自的优点和在全规模设施中实施时存在的问题。常规的水处理厂处理工艺，如混凝、沉淀和氯化，已被证明不能有效去除 MIB/土臭素。研究表明，粉末活性炭、臭氧氧化和生物过滤对这两种化合物的处理有效。尽管其中一些技术比其他技术更有效，更有前景，但仍需要做大量工作来优化这些技术，以便可以在不对处理系统的整体运行和效果产生重大影响的情况下进行改造或安装。
