Christian Doppler Research Laboratory for Gut Inflammation, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011 Apr;5(2):155-8. doi: 10.1586/egh.11.17.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is one of the most prevalent liver diseases worldwide. Its etiology is multifactorial and genetic factors most likely play a role. Genome-wide association studies have identified the first candidate genes, including patatin-like phospholipase 3, a lipase that is involved in triglyceride metabolism. Several other genetic variants have been identified, although with less convincing evidence. These genetic variants encode for molecules regulating insulin signalling, lipid metabolism, inflammation or fibrogenesis. Whereas the biological functions of TNF-α have been demonstrated to play an important role in the regulation of insulin resistance, liver inflammation and lipid accumulation, further genetic studies are needed to clarify whether and which TNF-α genetic variants predispose to the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, the inflammatory component of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病是全球最常见的肝脏疾病之一。其病因是多因素的，遗传因素可能起重要作用。全基因组关联研究已经确定了第一批候选基因，包括脂肪酶 patatin 样磷脂酶 3，它参与甘油三酯代谢。已经确定了其他一些遗传变异体，尽管证据不太令人信服。这些遗传变异体编码调节胰岛素信号、脂质代谢、炎症或纤维化形成的分子。尽管 TNF-α 的生物学功能已被证明在调节胰岛素抵抗、肝脏炎症和脂质积累方面发挥重要作用，但需要进一步的遗传研究来阐明 TNF-α 的遗传变异体是否以及哪些会导致非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（非酒精性脂肪性肝病的炎症成分）的发生。
