Department of Gynecology and Pathophysiology of Human Reproduction, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
J Sex Med. 2011 Jun;8(6):1717-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02257.x. Epub 2011 Apr 7.
Cigarette smoking is a major health hazard and may impair the normal sexual response.
To evaluate (in the early follicular phase, and independently from sexual stimulation) in young, eumenorrheic, healthy, lean women the general and genital vascular effects of the smoking habit.
One hundred thirty-seven patients undertook, in the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle (day 3-5): the administration of the two-factor Italian McCoy Female Sexuality Questionnaire (MFSQ); two-dimensional (2-D) color Doppler evaluation of the ophthalmic, carotid, uterine, clitoral, and labia minora arteries; three-dimensional (3-D) analysis of clitoral and labia minora vascularization; and blood pressure evaluation. Fasting blood samples were drawn to test plasma estradiol, androstenedione, and testosterone circulating levels.
The two-factor Italian MFSQ; the pulsatility index (PI) of internal carotid, ophthalmic, uterine, clitoral, and labia minora arteries; the vascularization index (VI), the flow index (FI), and the vascularization flow index (VFI) of clitoral body and labia minora, blood pressure measurement, and hormonal assay.
The subjects were divided in: nonsmokers (Group I; N=72); current (>2 years) light smokers-1 to 10 cigarettes/day-(Group II; N=35); and current heavy smokers->10 cigarettes/day-(Group III; N=30). The 2-D Doppler analysis of the ophthalmic and internal carotid arteries showed significant increased resistance in Group III compared with Group II and Group I. The genital vessels (uterine, clitoral, and labium minus arteries) showed the lowest PIs in the nonsmokers. The 3-D power Doppler histogram analysis of clitoral and labium minus blood flow showed the worst vascular indices (VI, FI, VFI) in the heavy smokers.
Cigarette smoking may favor a reduced central and peripheral tissue perfusion with consequent increased risk of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases and with genital vessels stiffness and impaired sexual performances.
吸烟是一个主要的健康危害，可能会损害正常的性反应。
评估（在卵泡早期，且独立于性刺激）年轻、月经规律、健康、偏瘦的女性吸烟习惯对全身和生殖血管的影响。
137 名患者在月经周期的卵泡早期（第 3-5 天）接受了以下检查：意大利 McCoy 女性性行为问卷的两因素（MFSQ）评估；二维（2-D）彩色多普勒评估眼动脉、颈内动脉、子宫动脉、阴蒂动脉和小阴唇动脉；阴蒂和小阴唇的三维（3-D）血管化分析；以及血压评估。抽取空腹血样检测血浆雌二醇、雄烯二酮和睾酮的循环水平。
意大利 MFSQ 的两因素评估；颈内动脉、眼动脉、子宫动脉、阴蒂动脉和小阴唇动脉的搏动指数（PI）；阴蒂体和小阴唇的血管化指数（VI）、血流指数（FI）和血管化血流指数（VFI）、血压测量和激素测定。
将研究对象分为：不吸烟者（I 组；N=72）；目前（>2 年）每天吸 1-10 支烟的轻度吸烟者（II 组；N=35）；以及每天吸烟>10 支的重度吸烟者（III 组；N=30）。与 II 组和 I 组相比，III 组的眼动脉和颈内动脉的 2-D 多普勒分析显示出明显的阻力增加。子宫、阴蒂和小阴唇动脉等生殖血管的 PI 最低。阴蒂和小阴唇的 3-D 能量多普勒直方图分析显示，重度吸烟者的血管指数（VI、FI、VFI）最差。
吸烟可能导致中枢和外周组织灌注减少，从而增加脑血管和心血管疾病的风险，同时使生殖血管僵硬，性表现受损。
