Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
Diabet Med. 2011 May;28(5):595-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03254.x.
We assessed temporal trends in diabetes prevalence and key diabetes risk factors (obesity, physical activity, smoking) over 5 years in a nationally representative sample.
Participants were drawn from the Scottish Health Surveys, which recruited two separate, nationally representative samples in 2003 (n = 7229, aged 50.5 ± 17.2 years) and 2008 (n = 6313, aged 51.8 ± 17.6 years). Prevalent diabetes was assessed from a self-reported physician's diagnosis, and high diabetes risk or undiagnosed cases were defined from HbA(1c) ≥ 6.0% (≥ 42 mmol/mol) to < 6.5% (< 47.5 mmol/mol) and ≥ 6.5% (≥ 47.5 mmol/mol), respectively.
Over 5 years there was an increased prevalence of diabetes (5.2 vs. 9.4% in 2003 and 2008, respectively) and in the prevalence of high diabetes risk (2.9 vs. 12.4%). These differences were accentuated in participants aged 65 years and above; for diabetes, there was a prevalence of 12 and 17.3% in 2003 and 2008, respectively, and, for high risk, the prevalence was 7.8 and 24.7%, respectively. There was also an increase in diabetes risk factors, including obesity and lack of physical activity, although these factors did not explain the diabetes trend.
These results suggest nearly a doubling in the prevalence of diabetes over 5 years in Scotland.
我们评估了在一个具有全国代表性的样本中，5 年内糖尿病患病率和主要糖尿病风险因素（肥胖、身体活动、吸烟）的时间趋势。
参与者来自苏格兰健康调查，该调查在 2003 年（n = 7229，年龄 50.5 ± 17.2 岁）和 2008 年（n = 6313，年龄 51.8 ± 17.6 岁）分别招募了两个独立的、具有全国代表性的样本。通过自我报告的医生诊断评估现患糖尿病，根据 HbA(1c)≥6.0%（≥42mmol/mol）至<6.5%（<47.5mmol/mol）和≥6.5%（≥47.5mmol/mol）定义高糖尿病风险或未确诊病例。
5 年内糖尿病患病率（2003 年和 2008 年分别为 5.2%和 9.4%）和高糖尿病风险患病率（2.9%和 12.4%）均有所增加。这些差异在 65 岁及以上的参与者中更为明显；2003 年和 2008 年的糖尿病患病率分别为 12%和 17.3%，高风险患病率分别为 7.8%和 24.7%。糖尿病风险因素（包括肥胖和缺乏身体活动）也有所增加，尽管这些因素并不能解释糖尿病的趋势。
这些结果表明，苏格兰在 5 年内糖尿病患病率几乎翻了一番。
