Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, Frederiksberg C. 1870, Denmark.
Vet Microbiol. 2011 Aug 5;151(3-4):396-9. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.009. Epub 2011 Mar 16.
Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of nitrofurantoin were determined by agar dilution in 269 canine and feline isolates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, two of the most common bacterial species associated with urinary tract infection (UTI) in small animals. The MIC90 for E. coli and S. pseudintermedius were 32 and 16 μg/ml, respectively. All isolates, including multidrug-resistant strains of known genetic background, displayed MICs below the drug concentrations reported in canine urine following oral administration of nitrofurantoin. Preliminary data on mutant prevention concentration (MPC) and many years of nitrofurantoin usage in human medicine suggest that emergence of resistant mutants during treatment is not a critical issue for this drug. The study provides species-specific data on nitrofurantoin MIC distribution that can be used for setting dog- and cat-specific breakpoints. Although nitrofurantoin is not an appropriate first-line agent for empirical treatment of canine UTI due to toxicity and poor pharmacokinetic properties, it may be indicated for treatment of UTI caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria, which are otherwise difficult to treat using conventional veterinary antimicrobial agents.
最低抑菌浓度（MIC）的呋喃妥因通过琼脂稀释法在 269 株犬和猫分离的大肠杆菌和中间葡萄球菌，两种最常见的细菌物种与尿路感染（UTI）在小动物。MIC90 为大肠杆菌和中间葡萄球菌分别为 32 和 16μg/ml。所有的分离株，包括多药耐药株已知的遗传背景，表现出低于药物浓度的 MIC 报告在狗尿后口服呋喃妥因。突变预防浓度（MPC）的初步数据和多年的人类医学中使用呋喃妥因表明，在治疗过程中耐药突变体的出现不是一个关键问题的药物。该研究提供了特定于物种的呋喃妥因 MIC 分布的数据，可用于设置狗和猫的特定断点。虽然呋喃妥因不是一个合适的一线药物治疗的经验性犬尿路感染由于毒性和差的药代动力学特性，它可能表明治疗由多药耐药菌引起的 UTI，否则很难使用传统的兽医抗菌药物治疗。
