Department of Geriatrics and Rare Diseases, University of Bari, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2012 Sep;22(9):727-33. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2010.12.002. Epub 2011 Apr 8.
We evaluated the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) in a population of Southern Italy and the relationship of dietary macronutrients with incident MI.
The ONCONUT cohort included 5632 subjects followed-up, over 50 years, recruited in 1992. At baseline, they completed a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and gave details of their medical history. After 5years they were traced by their family physician, who found 108 incident MI. Ninety-seven of them and 194 controls, sampled from the noncases at baseline and paired for diabetes to the cases, entered this nested case-control study. MI rate per 1000 person-years was 9.6 in males and 3.7 in females. In non-diabetics, saturated fat were associated with MI directly (odds ratio (OR): tertile 2 vs. 1 = 2.32, tertile 3 vs. 1 = 2.82; chi-square for trend, p = 0.03) and polyunsaturated fats inversely (OR: tertile 2 vs. 1 = 0.80, tertile 3 vs. 1 = 0.37; chi-square for trend, p = 0.05), while in diabetics, starchy carbohydrates (OR: tertile 2 vs. 1 = 1.51, tertile 3 vs. 1 = 6.73; chi-square for trend, p = 0.01) and glycaemic index (OR: tertile 2 vs. 1 = 2.74, tertile 3 vs. 1 = 5.34; chi-square for trend, p = 0.01) were associated directly with MI.
MI incidence in this population was lower than that found in northern countries. In non-diabetics, saturated fats were associated directly and polyunsaturated fat inversely with MI; in diabetics, starchy carbohydrates and high-glycaemic-index foods were associated directly with MI.
我们评估了意大利南部人群中心肌梗死（MI）的发生率，并研究了膳食宏量营养素与 MI 发病之间的关系。
ONCONUT 队列纳入了 5632 名研究对象，他们在 1992 年接受了随访，随访时间超过 50 年。在基线时，他们完成了一份经验证的半定量食物频率问卷，并提供了他们的病史详细信息。5 年后，他们的家庭医生对他们进行了追踪，发现了 108 例 MI。其中 97 例和 194 例对照（在基线时从非病例中抽取，并与病例按糖尿病配对）进入了这项嵌套病例对照研究。男性的 MI 发病率为每 1000 人年 9.6 例，女性为 3.7 例。在非糖尿病患者中，饱和脂肪与 MI 直接相关（优势比（OR）：第 2 三分位与第 1 三分位相比为 2.32，第 3 三分位与第 1 三分位相比为 2.82；趋势 χ²检验，p=0.03），多不饱和脂肪与 MI 呈负相关（OR：第 2 三分位与第 1 三分位相比为 0.80，第 3 三分位与第 1 三分位相比为 0.37；趋势 χ²检验，p=0.05），而在糖尿病患者中，淀粉类碳水化合物（OR：第 2 三分位与第 1 三分位相比为 1.51，第 3 三分位与第 1 三分位相比为 6.73；趋势 χ²检验，p=0.01）和血糖指数（OR：第 2 三分位与第 1 三分位相比为 2.74，第 3 三分位与第 1 三分位相比为 5.34；趋势 χ²检验，p=0.01）与 MI 直接相关。
该人群的 MI 发病率低于北欧国家。在非糖尿病患者中，饱和脂肪与 MI 直接相关，多不饱和脂肪与 MI 呈负相关；在糖尿病患者中，淀粉类碳水化合物和高血糖指数食物与 MI 直接相关。
