Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Manipal college of dental sciences, India.
Libyan J Med. 2009 Dec 1;4(4):160-1. doi: 10.4176/090608.
Lymphangioma is a benign infiltrative malformation of the lymphatic channels. Cystic lymphangioma or cystic hygroma is a subtype of lymphangioma which exhibits large macroscopic cystic space histologically. The cause of cystic hygroma is believed to be developmental defect or primary Multilocular cystic malformation of dilated lymphatic channels. Cystic hygroma is a common and distinct entity that is not manifested in the oral cavity but occurs in the neck as a large, deep diffuse swelling. They are usually found in the posterior triangle of the neck. They often cross the midline, reaching axilla and mediastinum. Such localization verifies the complexity and extent of the lymphatic system in the cervical region when compared to other regions of the body. The five main locations where cystic hygroma can occur are, cervical (75-90%), axillary (20%), inguinal, retroperitoneal and thoracic. They usually appear as solitary lesions. They are usually infiltrative, often separating fascial planes and incorporating nerves, muscles, and blood vessels. They are fluctuant, freely mobile, compressible, painless and transilluminate well. The skin overlying the lesion is normal and usually there is no associated lymphadenopathy. Various treatment modalities have been tried. Surgery has been the main form of treatment, but total removal is not possible in all cases because of the extent of the lesion, which sometimes involves vital structures. We report a case of cystic hygroma in a young male patient.
淋巴管瘤是一种良性浸润性淋巴管畸形。囊性淋巴管瘤或囊性水瘤是淋巴管瘤的一种亚型，其组织学表现为大的宏观囊性空间。囊性水瘤的病因被认为是发育缺陷或原发性多房性扩张淋巴管的囊性畸形。囊性水瘤是一种常见且独特的实体，它不会在口腔中表现出来，而是在颈部表现为大而深的弥漫性肿胀。它们通常位于颈部后三角。它们经常跨越中线，到达腋窝和纵隔。与身体其他部位相比，这种定位证实了颈部区域淋巴系统的复杂性和范围。囊性水瘤可能发生的五个主要部位是颈部（75-90%）、腋窝（20%）、腹股沟、腹膜后和胸部。它们通常表现为孤立性病变。它们通常是浸润性的，经常分离筋膜平面并包含神经、肌肉和血管。它们是波动的，自由移动的，可压缩的，无痛的，透光良好。病变上方的皮肤正常，通常没有相关的淋巴结病。已经尝试了各种治疗方法。手术一直是主要的治疗形式，但由于病变的范围，在所有情况下都不可能完全切除，因为有时病变涉及到重要结构。我们报告了一例年轻男性患者的囊性水瘤病例。
