Alkadry Mohamad G, Bhandari Ruchi, Wilson Christina S, Blessett Brandi
Department of Urban Studies & Public Administration, Old Dominion University, USA.
J Health Hum Serv Adm. 2011 Spring;33(4):462-90.
Considerable evidence supports the existence of racial disparities in incidence, mortality, and morbidity related to stroke. Awareness of risk factors could substantially lower the probability of stroke incidence. Awareness of stroke warning signs and treatment options could significantly alter the outcome of a stroke if patients immediately seek emergency help. This article examines the disparities in awareness of stroke risk factors, stroke signs, and action to be taken when stroke occurs. Survey results from 422 Caucasian Americans and 368 African Americans in West Virginia were analyzed. Significant disparities in recognition of cholesterol, smoking, prior stroke, and race as stroke risk factors were observed. The study also found a significant and substantial difference in awareness of stroke signs. There was also a significant difference in the way African Americans and Caucasians would respond to a stroke. The study found no evidence of disparities in recognition of stroke risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, obesity, alcoholism, and family history.
大量证据支持在与中风相关的发病率、死亡率和患病率方面存在种族差异。对风险因素的认知可以大幅降低中风发病的可能性。如果患者能立即寻求急救，对中风警示信号和治疗选择的认知可以显著改变中风的结局。本文探讨了在中风风险因素、中风症状以及中风发生时应采取的行动等方面的认知差异。分析了西弗吉尼亚州422名美国白人和368名非裔美国人的调查结果。在将胆固醇、吸烟、既往中风和种族视为中风风险因素的认知方面存在显著差异。该研究还发现，在中风症状的认知上存在显著且实质性的差异。非裔美国人和白人对中风的应对方式也存在显著差异。该研究未发现非裔美国人和白人在对高血压、糖尿病、心脏病、肥胖、酗酒和家族病史等中风风险因素的认知上存在差异的证据。
