Mondal Prakash Ranjan, Saksena Deepti, Sachdeva Mohinder Pal, Murry Benrithung, Meitei Khangembam Somibabu, Samtani Ratika, Saraswathy Kallur Nava
Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
Genet Test Mol Biomarkers. 2011 Jun;15(6):443-9. doi: 10.1089/gtmb.2010.0187. Epub 2011 Apr 12.
The present study was conducted on two tribal communities, the Oraon and Munda, inhabiting the Ranchi district of Jharkhand state, India. The study was designed to elucidate genetic similarity, if any, shared between these tribes as they belong to the common Proto-Australoid stock but bear different linguistic affiliations. For this, a total of 98 intravenous blood samples (48 Oraon and 50 Munda) were collected from unrelated individuals of either sex up to first cousins, with their prior informed written consent. The DNA was extracted and studied for a total of 20 autosomal markers, including 7 Alu Indels, 3 DRD2 TaqI sites, 3 β-globin sites, and 7 restriction site polymorphisms.
All the 20 studied molecular markers were found to be polymorphic in both the tribal population groups and showed similarities with respect to allele frequencies, with a low coefficient of gene differentiation (G(ST)) value. Moreover, sharing and distribution patterns of haplotypes of the β-globin gene cluster suggest that the Oraon and Munda share a common ancestry. However, small differences between them with reference to the linkage disequilibrium (LD) pattern indicate that the Munda might have emerged as a result of admixture between Proto-Australoids and Austro-Asiatic-speaking Mongoloids as supported by the principal co-ordinate analysis, wherein the Munda are closely placed with the Dravidian-speaking Proto-Australoid tribes of India.
A common genetic substratum (Proto-Australoid stock) of the Oraon and Munda was evident in the present study, although these tribes are distinct linguistically.
本研究针对居住在印度贾坎德邦兰契县的两个部落社区——奥拉昂部落和蒙达部落展开。该研究旨在阐明这两个部落之间是否存在遗传相似性，因为它们虽同属原始澳大利亚人种，但有着不同的语言归属。为此，在获得相关个体（直至表亲关系）事先知情的书面同意后，从98名无关个体（48名奥拉昂部落个体和50名蒙达部落个体）中采集了静脉血样本，样本涵盖不同性别的个体。提取DNA后，对总共20个常染色体标记进行了研究，包括7个Alu插入/缺失多态性、3个DRD2 TaqI位点、3个β-珠蛋白位点以及7个限制性位点多态性。
在两个部落人群中，所有20个研究的分子标记均表现出多态性，且在等位基因频率方面显示出相似性，基因分化系数（G(ST)）值较低。此外，β-珠蛋白基因簇单倍型的共享和分布模式表明，奥拉昂部落和蒙达部落拥有共同的祖先。然而，它们在连锁不平衡（LD）模式上存在细微差异，这表明蒙达部落可能是原始澳大利亚人种与说南亚语系蒙古人种混合的结果，主坐标分析也支持这一观点，在该分析中，蒙达部落与印度说达罗毗荼语的原始澳大利亚人种部落关系密切。
尽管奥拉昂部落和蒙达部落语言不同，但在本研究中，它们共同的遗传基础（原始澳大利亚人种）显而易见。
