The North Texas VA Health Care System and the Departments of Psychiatry and Surgery/Division of Emergency Medicine at The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA.
Compr Psychiatry. 2012 Jan;53(1):1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2011.02.005. Epub 2011 Apr 12.
Few disaster studies have specifically examined personality in association with exposure to disaster and development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A study of survivors of the Oklahoma City bombing examined PTSD and personality measured after the disaster.
In a random sample of 255 survivors from a bombing survivor registry, 151 (59%) completed both full PTSD and personality assessments using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule and the Temperament and Character Inventory, respectively.
Postbombing PTSD was associated with low self-directedness and low cooperativeness, and also with high self-transcendence and harm avoidance in most configurations. Disorganized (schizotypal) character and explosive (borderline) temperament configurations were associated with PTSD; creative and autocratic character configurations were negatively associated with PTSD.
Clinicians should be vigilant for PTSD among individuals with personality disorders and also be aware that personality disorders are likely to be overrepresented among people with PTSD. Treatment of PTSD may need to take into account comorbid personality disorders and personality features.
很少有灾难研究专门研究人格与暴露于灾难和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）发展之间的关系。一项对俄克拉荷马城爆炸事件幸存者的研究考察了灾难发生后测量的 PTSD 和人格。
在爆炸幸存者登记处的随机样本中，有 255 名幸存者中的 151 名（59%）使用诊断访谈表和气质与性格量表分别完成了完整的 PTSD 和人格评估。
爆炸后的 PTSD 与低自我导向和低合作性有关，在大多数情况下还与高自我超越和回避伤害有关。紊乱（精神分裂样）性格和爆发（边缘）气质特征与 PTSD 有关；创造性和专制性格特征与 PTSD 呈负相关。
临床医生应警惕具有人格障碍的个体中出现 PTSD，并且还应意识到 PTSD 患者中人格障碍的比例可能过高。PTSD 的治疗可能需要考虑合并存在的人格障碍和人格特征。
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