Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2011 Jul;114(1):37-42. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2011.01.013. Epub 2011 Apr 12.
To determine risk factors for perinatal mortality among hospital-based deliveries in Nigeria.
The WHO Global Maternal and Perinatal Health Survey was implemented in Nigeria as a first step in establishing a global system for monitoring maternal and perinatal health. Twenty-one health facilities with more than 1000 deliveries annually were selected by a stratified multistage cluster sampling strategy. Information was recorded on all women who delivered and their neonates within a 3-month period.
Overall, there were 9208 deliveries, comprising 8526 live births, 369 fresh stillbirths, 282 macerated stillbirths, 70 early neonatal deaths, and 721 perinatal deaths. The stillbirth and perinatal mortality rates were, respectively, 71 and 78 per 1000 deliveries; the early neonatal death rate was 8 per 1000 live births. Approximately 10% of all newborns weighed less than 2500 g, and 12.3% were born at less than 37 weeks of gestation. Predictors of perinatal mortality were mother's age, lack of prenatal care, unbooked status, prematurity, and birth asphyxia.
The perinatal mortality rate remains unacceptably high in Nigeria. Fresh stillbirth accounted for most perinatal deaths. Interventions to improve the utilization and quality of prenatal care, in addition to the quality of intrapartum care, would considerably reduce perinatal death.
确定尼日利亚基于医院分娩的围产儿死亡的危险因素。
世界卫生组织（WHO）全球孕产妇和围产儿健康调查在尼日利亚进行，作为建立全球孕产妇和围产儿健康监测系统的第一步。采用分层多阶段聚类抽样策略，选择了 21 家每年分娩量超过 1000 例的卫生机构。在 3 个月的时间内，记录了所有分娩的妇女及其新生儿的信息。
共有 9208 例分娩，包括 8526 例活产、369 例新鲜死胎、282 例木乃伊化死胎、70 例早期新生儿死亡和 721 例围产儿死亡。死胎和围产儿死亡率分别为每 1000 例分娩 71 例和 78 例；早期新生儿死亡率为每 1000 例活产 8 例。大约 10%的新生儿体重不足 2500 克，12.3%的新生儿出生时胎龄不足 37 周。围产儿死亡的预测因素包括母亲年龄、缺乏产前护理、未预约、早产和出生窒息。
尼日利亚的围产儿死亡率仍然高得令人无法接受。新鲜死胎占围产儿死亡的大多数。除了加强产时护理质量外，还需要采取措施提高产前保健的利用率和质量，这将大大降低围产儿死亡。
