Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, PR China.
Injury. 2012 May;43(5):660-5. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2011.03.012. Epub 2011 Apr 15.
Due to the complications arising from gunshot wounds to the maxillofacial region, traditional models of gunshot wounds cannot meet our research needs. In this study, we established a finite element model and conducted preliminary simulation and analysis to determine the injury mechanism and degree of damage for gunshot wounds to the human mandible.
Based on a previously developed modelling method that used animal experiments and internal parameters, digital computed tomography data for the human mandible were used to establish a three-dimensional finite element model of the human mandible. The mechanism by which a gunshot injures the mandible was dynamically simulated under different shot conditions. First, the residual velocities of the shootings using different projectiles at varying entry angles and impact velocities were calculated. Second, the energy losses of the projectiles and the rates of energy loss after exiting the mandible were calculated. Finally, the data were compared and analysed.
The dynamic processes involved in gunshot wounds to the human mandible were successfully simulated using two projectiles, three impact velocities, and three entry angles. The stress distributions in different parts of mandible after injury were also simulated. Based on the computation and analysis of the modelling data, we found that the injury severity of the mandible and the injury efficiency of the projectiles differ under different injury conditions.
The finite element model has many advantages for the analysis of ballistic wounds, and is expected to become an improved model for studying maxillofacial gunshot wounds.
由于颌面枪弹伤所引起的并发症，传统的枪弹伤模型已不能满足我们的研究需要。本研究建立了有限元模型，并进行了初步的模拟和分析，以确定人类下颌骨枪弹伤的损伤机制和损伤程度。
基于先前开发的一种建模方法，该方法使用动物实验和内部参数，利用数字计算机断层扫描数据建立了人类下颌骨的三维有限元模型。在不同的射击条件下，对下颌骨受到枪击的机制进行了动态模拟。首先，计算了使用不同弹丸在不同入射角度和冲击速度下的剩余速度。其次，计算了弹丸的能量损失和出射后能量损失率。最后，对数据进行了比较和分析。
成功地模拟了两种弹丸、三种冲击速度和三种入射角度的人类下颌骨枪弹伤的动态过程。还模拟了损伤后下颌骨不同部位的应力分布。通过对模型数据的计算和分析，我们发现不同损伤条件下下颌骨的损伤严重程度和弹丸的损伤效率不同。
有限元模型在弹道伤分析中有许多优势，有望成为研究颌面枪弹伤的改进模型。
