Ol'shanskiĭ D V
Zh Nevropatol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 1978;78(12):1818-23.
The paper concerns some problems of disturbances in the most complicated forms of human behaviour and psyche in local brain lesions. A neuropsychological analysis of personality disturbances determines them as an integrative formation--a product of the work of the whole brain in social human activity. It is directed towards the distinguishing of "components" inside this formation and a study of the brain areas providing their functioning. In 63 patients with lesions of the left and right frontal lobes, as well as of deep areas of the right hemisphere, the authors studied the traits of self-evaluation (its 2 levels - cognitive: the knowledge of oneself, and emotional: feeling oneself) and emotional sphere. The data obtained indicate specific personality disorders with different localizations of brain lesions and, in particular, in lesions of the frontal lobe. Besides consolidated results given in the table, 2 cases (with pathology of the left and right frontal lobe) show principle differences in disorders of the emotional-personality sphere, related most likely to the localization of the pathological focus.
本文关注局部脑损伤时人类行为和心理最复杂形式的紊乱问题。对人格障碍的神经心理学分析将其确定为一种整合性结构——是整个人脑在人类社会活动中的产物。它旨在区分这种结构内部的“组成部分”，并研究支持其功能的脑区。作者对63例左、右额叶以及右半球深部区域损伤的患者，研究了自我评价特征（其两个层面——认知层面：对自身的认识，以及情感层面：自我感受）和情感领域。所获数据表明，脑损伤的不同部位，尤其是额叶损伤，会出现特定的人格障碍。除表格中汇总的结果外，2例（左、右额叶病变）显示出情感人格领域障碍的主要差异，这很可能与病变部位有关。
