Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0406, USA.
Dev Sci. 2011 Mar;14(2):319-26. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.00977.x.
Temperament dimensions influence children's approach to and participation in social interactive experiences which reflect and impact children's social understandings. Therefore, temperament differences might substantially impact theory of mind development in early childhood. Using longitudinal data, we report that certain early temperament characteristics (at age 3)--lack of aggressiveness, a shy-withdrawn stance to social interaction, and social-perceptual sensitivity--predict children's more advanced theory-of-mind understanding two years later. The findings contribute to our understanding of how theory of mind develops in the formative preschool period; they may also inform debates as to the evolutionary origins of theory of mind.
气质维度影响儿童对社会互动体验的方式和参与度，这反映并影响儿童的社会理解。因此，气质差异可能会极大地影响儿童早期的心理理论发展。我们利用纵向数据报告称，某些早期的气质特征（3 岁时）——缺乏攻击性、对社交互动的害羞和退缩态度，以及社会感知敏感性——可以预测两年后儿童更先进的心理理论理解。这些发现有助于我们了解心理理论在形成期的学前阶段是如何发展的；它们也可能为心理理论的进化起源提供信息。
