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作为配体阻断的血阶段疟疾疫苗的一个组成部分,红细胞结合抗原 175 的证据。

Evidence for erythrocyte-binding antigen 175 as a component of a ligand-blocking blood-stage malaria vaccine.

机构信息

Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.

出版信息

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 May 3;108(18):7553-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1104050108. Epub 2011 Apr 18.

Abstract

The ligands that pathogens use to invade their target cells have often proven to be good targets for vaccine development. However, Plasmodium falciparum has redundant ligands that mediate invasion of erythrocytes. The first requirement for the development of a successful ligand-blocking malaria vaccine is the demonstration that antibodies induced to each ligand can block the erythrocyte invasion of parasites with polymorphic sequences. Because of P. falciparum's redundancy in erythrocyte invasion, each ligand needs to be studied under artificial conditions in which parasite invasion is restricted in its use of alternative pathways. Here we investigate the role of erythrocyte-binding antigen 175 (EBA-175), a parasite ligand that binds to sialic acid on glycophorin A, in the invasion of erythrocytes by 10 P. falciparum clones under conditions in which invasion is partially limited to the EBA-175-glycophorin A pathway, using chymotrypsin-treated erythrocytes. We show that the ability to invade erythrocytes for both sialic acid-independent and sialic acid-dependent pathways requires the EBA-175-glycophorin A pathway for erythrocyte invasion. Importantly, antibodies against region II of EBA-175 from the 3D7 clone blocked invasion of chymotrypsin-treated erythrocytes by >50% by all parasite clones studied, including those with multiple different mutations described in the literature. The one exception was FCR3, which had a similar sequence to 3D7 but only 30% inhibition of invasion of chymotrypsin-treated erythrocytes, indicating alternative pathways for invasion of chymotrypsin-treated erythrocytes. Our findings suggest that antibodies to region II of EBA-175, as one component of a ligand-blocking malaria vaccine, are largely unaffected by polymorphism in EBA-175.

摘要

病原体用于入侵靶细胞的配体通常已被证明是疫苗开发的良好靶点。然而,疟原虫有冗余的配体介导红细胞入侵。开发成功的配体阻断疟疾疫苗的首要要求是证明诱导针对每种配体的抗体可以阻断具有多态性序列的寄生虫对红细胞的入侵。由于疟原虫在红细胞入侵方面存在冗余性,因此需要在寄生虫入侵受到限制使用替代途径的人工条件下研究每种配体。在这里,我们研究了红细胞结合抗原 175(EBA-175)的作用,这是一种寄生虫配体,与糖蛋白 A 上的唾液酸结合,在使用胰蛋白酶处理的红细胞的情况下,在部分限制于 EBA-175-糖蛋白 A 途径的情况下,研究了 10 个疟原虫克隆对红细胞的入侵。我们表明,对于非唾液酸化依赖和唾液酸化依赖途径的红细胞入侵能力,都需要 EBA-175-糖蛋白 A 途径进行红细胞入侵。重要的是,来自 3D7 克隆的 EBA-175 区域 II 的抗体可阻止所有研究的寄生虫克隆(包括文献中描述的多种不同突变)对胰蛋白酶处理的红细胞的入侵超过 50%,唯一的例外是 FCR3,它与 3D7 具有相似的序列,但对胰蛋白酶处理的红细胞的入侵仅抑制了 30%,表明了替代途径用于入侵胰蛋白酶处理的红细胞。我们的研究结果表明,作为配体阻断疟疾疫苗的一个组成部分,EBA-175 区域 II 的抗体在很大程度上不受 EBA-175 多态性的影响。

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