Department of Gastroenterology, GB Pant Hospital, New Delhi, India.
J Med Virol. 2011 Jun;83(6):962-7. doi: 10.1002/jmv.22017.
A large program was conducted by the Government of India to study the prevalence and profile of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and its risk factors in pregnant women attending a tertiary care hospital in India. From September 2004 to December 2008 consecutive pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic were screened and those found positive for HBsAg were enrolled. Healthy non-pregnant women of child-bearing age, who presented for blood donation during the same period, served as controls. Women with symptoms of liver disease or those aware of their HBsAg status were excluded. Of the 20,104 pregnant women screened, 224 (1.1%) and of the 658 controls, 8 (1.2%) were HBsAg positive (P = ns). Previous blood transfusions and surgery were significant risk factors for infection with HBV. Of the women who were HBsAg positive, the ALT levels were normal in 54% of the women and HBV DNA levels were above 2,000 IU/ml in 71% of women. The median HBV DNA levels were higher in women who were HBeAg positive compared to the HBeAg negative group. The most common HBV genotype was D (84%) followed by A + D and A (8% each). In conclusion, the prevalence of HBsAg positivity among asymptomatic pregnant women in North India is 1.1% with 71% having high HBV DNA levels. These women may have a high risk of transmitting infection to their newborns.
印度政府开展了一项大型计划，旨在研究印度一家三级保健医院就诊的孕妇中慢性乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染的流行情况和特征及其危险因素。2004 年 9 月至 2008 年 12 月，连续筛查了前来产前门诊就诊的孕妇，对 HBsAg 阳性的孕妇进行了登记。同期前来献血的健康育龄非孕妇作为对照组。排除有肝脏疾病症状或已知 HBsAg 状态的妇女。在筛查的 20104 名孕妇中，224 名（1.1%）和 658 名对照组中，8 名（1.2%）HBsAg 阳性（P = ns）。既往输血和手术是感染 HBV 的显著危险因素。在 HBsAg 阳性的妇女中，54%的妇女 ALT 水平正常，71%的妇女 HBV DNA 水平超过 2000 IU/ml。与 HBeAg 阴性组相比，HBeAg 阳性妇女的 HBV DNA 水平中位数更高。最常见的 HBV 基因型是 D（84%），其次是 A + D 和 A（各 8%）。总之，无症状印度北部孕妇的 HBsAg 阳性率为 1.1%，71%的孕妇 HBV DNA 水平较高。这些妇女可能有将感染传播给新生儿的高风险。
