Mrva M, Garajová M, Lukáč M, Ondriska F
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská Dolina B-1, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia.
J Parasitol. 2011 Jun;97(3):538-40. doi: 10.1645/GE-2669.1. Epub 2010 Oct 28.
Hexadecylphosphocholine (miltefosine) is an anticancer drug active in vitro against various protozoan parasites, and recently used for the treatment of disseminated Acanthamoeba infection. In the present study, we present results of weak cytotoxic activity of this potential amoebicidal agent for 2 of 3 clinical isolates of Acanthamoeba spp. Although the inhibition effect for all tested concentrations was apparent, and showed 100% eradication of trophozoites of Acanthamoeba castellanii strain at a concentration of 62.5 µM after 24 hr, the strains Acanthamoeba sp. and Acanthamoeba lugdunensis exhibited low sensitivity to hexadecylphosphocholine, even in high concentrations. The determined minimal trophocidal concentrations were 250 µM for Acanthamoeba sp. and 500 µM for A. lugdunensis after 24 hr of exposure. Although hexadecylphosphocholine is a potential agent for treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis and systemic infections, in clinical practice the possible insusceptibility of the amoebic strain should be considered for optimizing therapy.
十六烷基磷酸胆碱（米替福新）是一种抗癌药物，在体外对多种原生动物寄生虫具有活性，最近被用于治疗播散性棘阿米巴感染。在本研究中，我们展示了这种潜在的杀阿米巴药物对3株棘阿米巴临床分离株中的2株具有较弱的细胞毒性活性。尽管在所有测试浓度下抑制作用都很明显，并且在24小时后，62.5µM的浓度能使卡氏棘阿米巴菌株的滋养体100%被根除，但棘阿米巴属菌株和鲁氏棘阿米巴即使在高浓度下对十六烷基磷酸胆碱也表现出低敏感性。暴露24小时后，测定的棘阿米巴属菌株的最低杀滋养体浓度为250µM，鲁氏棘阿米巴为500µM。尽管十六烷基磷酸胆碱是治疗棘阿米巴角膜炎和全身感染的潜在药物，但在临床实践中，为优化治疗应考虑阿米巴菌株可能存在的不敏感性。
