Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (A Constituent Laboratory of Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi), MG Marg, Lucknow, India.
Hum Exp Toxicol. 2012 Jun;31(6):606-16. doi: 10.1177/0960327111405860. Epub 2011 Apr 20.
Studies on the neurobehavioral toxicity of monocrotophos, an organophosphate, have been carried out on rats following their exposure from postnatal day (PD) 22 to PD 49 to investigate whether neurobehavioral changes are transient or persistent. Exposure of rats to monocrotophos (0.50 or 1.0 mg/kg body weight, p.o.) decreased body weight (10% and 30%) and impaired grip strength (28% and 32%) and learning ability (65% and 68%) at both the doses, respectively in comparison to controls. A trend of recovery was observed in body weight and learning, while decrease in grip strength persisted in rats 15 days after withdrawal. Activity of acetylcholinesterase was decreased in frontal cortex (36% and 67%), hippocampus (21% and 49%) and cerebellum (29% and 51%) in monocrotophos-treated rats at both the doses. The decrease in the activity of acetylcholinesterase persisted in frontal cortex and hippocampus; however, a trend of recovery was observed in cerebellum 15 days after withdrawal. Binding of (3)H-quinuclidinyl benzilate ((3)H-QNB) to frontocortical (19% and 35%), hippocampal (32% and 39%) and cerebellar (19% and 28%) membranes was decreased in monocrotophos-treated rats compared to controls. The decrease in the binding of (3)H-QNB persisted in frontocortical, hippocampal and cerebellar membranes 15 days after withdrawal. The results suggest that repeated exposure to monocrotophos in rats may cause behavioral and neurochemical modifications which may persist even after withdrawal. The findings are of concern in view of the high consumption of monocrotophos in many countries.
对有机磷农药久效磷在大鼠神经行为毒性的研究，是在大鼠出生后第 22 天到第 49 天接触久效磷，以研究神经行为的改变是短暂的还是持久的。与对照组相比，暴露于久效磷（0.50 或 1.0 mg/kg 体重，口服）的大鼠体重分别下降 10%和 30%，握力分别下降 28%和 32%，学习能力分别下降 65%和 68%。体重和学习能力呈恢复趋势，而撤药后 15 天，握力下降仍持续存在。在两个剂量下，久效磷处理的大鼠前额皮质（36%和 67%）、海马（21%和 49%）和小脑（29%和 51%）中的乙酰胆碱酯酶活性降低。在两个剂量下，前额皮质和海马中的乙酰胆碱酯酶活性降低持续存在；然而，撤药后 15 天，小脑呈恢复趋势。与对照组相比，久效磷处理的大鼠前额皮质（19%和 35%）、海马（32%和 39%）和小脑（19%和 28%）膜上（3）H-季铵基苯甲酰基（3）H-QNB 的结合减少。与对照组相比，撤药后 15 天，前额皮质、海马和小脑膜上（3）H-QNB 的结合持续减少。结果表明，大鼠反复接触久效磷可能导致行为和神经化学改变，即使在撤药后仍可能持续存在。鉴于许多国家大量使用久效磷，这些发现令人担忧。
