Romanov P A, Koltoniuk V M
Arkh Anat Gistol Embriol. 1990 Nov;99(11):60-5.
There are three types in position of the abdominal internal organs: visceronorm, dolichoviscerosis and visceroptosis. The anterior abdominal wall also has its own anatomical peculiarities at every type of the internal organs position. Anatomical differences of its structure at visceronorm and dolichoviscerosis in comparison with visceroptosis are characterized as following: the area of aponeurotic formations of the anterior abdominal wall at dolichoviscerosis and visceroptosis increases and that of the muscular-decreases. Umbilical and inguinal rings are essentially dilated in comparison with those at visceronorm. It means that at dolichoviscerosis and visceroptosis there are anatomical prerequisites for development of external hernias in the anterior abdominal wall. A considerable mobility of the intestinal tract loops at dolichoviscerosis and visceroptosis results in certain disturbances of its function and their outlet into hernial sacs.
内脏正常、内脏冗长和内脏下垂。在前腹壁，每种内脏器官位置类型也都有其自身的解剖学特点。与内脏下垂相比，前腹壁在正常内脏和内脏冗长时其结构的解剖学差异如下：在内脏冗长和内脏下垂时，前腹壁腱膜形成区域增大，而肌肉区域减小。与正常内脏时相比，脐环和腹股沟环明显扩张。这意味着在内脏冗长和内脏下垂时，前腹壁存在发生外疝的解剖学前提。在内脏冗长和内脏下垂时，肠道袢的相当大的活动度会导致其功能出现某些紊乱，并使其进入疝囊。
